Osseous Chapter 3: Upper Airway, Chest Imaging & Radiation Safety

What does the acronym P.S.H.E.D. stand for in patient history framework?

Pregnancy, Symptoms, History, Extent, Duration

What is the purpose of using lead aprons and thyroid shields in radiology?

To protect patients and staff from radiation exposure.

What does the Inverse Square Law state regarding radiation exposure?

As the distance from the radiation source increases, the exposure decreases.

What are the clinical indications for a Soft Tissue Neck exam?

Evaluates upper airway and surrounding structures for foreign bodies, swelling, masses, fractures, or swollen adenoids in pediatrics.

What is the central ray angle for the AP Axial Projection of the neck?

15-20 degrees cephalic.

What is the required patient position for the Lateral Projection of the neck?

Supine or upright with the MSP parallel to the midline of the grid.

What structures should be demonstrated in the AP Axial Projection?

Air filled upper airway.

What is the SID (Source to Image Distance) for chest imaging?

72 inches.

What is the purpose of proper collimation in radiology?

To protect the patient and reduce scatter radiation.

What is the respiration instruction for the PA Projection of the chest?

Inspiration after the second full breath.

What should be visible in a properly taken Lateral Projection of the chest?

Heart and aorta.

What is the evaluation criteria for the Lateral Projection of the neck?

Proper collimation, no rotation or tilt of spine, open vertebral joints.

What is the significance of the central ray entering at the level of the laryngeal prominence?

It ensures accurate imaging of the upper airway structures.

What should be done to ensure the patient's safety during radiological procedures?

Keep everyone out of the primary beam and use barriers when possible.

What is the required position for the PA Projection of the chest?

Upright, patient facing the bucky.

What structures are evaluated in a chest 2-view exam?

Pulmonary conditions and cardiac indications.

What is the appropriate patient position for the Lateral Projection of the chest?

Upright, left side against the bucky.

What should be the position of the arms during the Lateral Projection of the chest?

Arms above head, elbows flexed, resting on head.

What is the significance of ensuring no rotation during chest imaging?

To provide accurate representation of anatomical structures.

What is the purpose of placing a marker during radiographic procedures?

To indicate the side of the body being imaged.

What is the recommended distance to stand from the patient during exposures?

Maintain physical distance to minimize radiation exposure.