Chapter 4 Learning Objectives: Social and Behavioral Sciences and Public Health

explain relationships between social and behavioral sciences and public health

ilustrate how socioeconomic status affects health

illustrate how cultural and religion affect health

describe the relationship between income and socioeconomic status and health

social status

valued characterisitcs that affect other determinants

social support or alienation

racism, discrimination, social network, lack of opportunties

food

inadequate food sources, food deserts

housing

having affordable and stable housing

education

more edication suggests better health

work

being employed suggests better health

stress

chronic stres has effects on health

transportation

walking/biking suggests better health

place

location has drastic effects on health

access to health care

affects the ability to maintain health

the role of theory in changing health behavior

allows researchers to create frameworks that allow them to study health problems, and develop and evaluate interventions; allows them to figure out which interventions will work for specific levels of influence that affect one’s behavior

intrapersonal level of influence

focuses on characteristics of the individual

health belief model

focuses on perceptions and thoughts prior to taking health-related action

stages of change model

people go through a set of changes when changing behavior rather than making a change all at once

theory of planned behavior

states that intention is the main predictor of behavior

interpersonal level of influence

focuses on relationships between people and the influence they have with one another

social cognitive theory

focuses on the interaction between individuals and their social systems

population and community level of influence

focuses on factors within social structures

diffusion of innovation

focuses on how a new idea, product, or social practice is disseminated and adopted in a population

reciprocal determinism

dynamic interplay between person, behavior, and environment

social marketing

promoting a range of products and behaviors, and understanding and changing the health behaviors of groupsof people

branding

used to help the target audience identify with the service with words/symbols

product

identifying the behavior/innovation being marketed

price

identifying the benefits, barriers, and financial costs

place

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identifying the target audience and how to reach them

promotion

organizing campaign/promotion to reach target audience

PRECEDE-PROCEED planning framework

findings: social assessment, epidemiological assessment, behavioral and environmental assessment, educational and ecological assessment

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implementation and evaluation: implementation of strategies from PRECEDE, evaluation of the intervention to determine its effectiveness, evaluations of the inpact the intervention has on target factors, outcomes of the intervention are evaluated to determine the effects on the target public health issue