Speech Disorders exam 1

T/F: A developmental speech disorder can occur after a traumatic brain injury

False: Developmental speech disorders emerge during development, not after trauma

What is not a speech disorder: 1. fluency disorder, 2. motor speech disorder, 3. voice disorder, 4. aphasia

aphasia: language disorder not a speech disorder

T/F: inhalation requires muscle action

Treu: muscles such as the diaphragm contract during inhalation

Exhalation

largely passive with optimal muscular effort

T/F: Boyles law states that when pressure decreases volume increases

True: Pressure and volume are inversely related

Where is the glottis

between the vocal folds

T/F: CT contraction raises pitch

True: CT muscles lengthens and stiffest folds to increase pitch

T/F: increasing loudness requires decreased sub glottal pressure

False: Loudness requires greater sub glottal pressure

What is voice quality determined by

Vocal Fold stiffness

Recurrent laryngeal branch of which CN innervates VFs?

CN X Vagus

Voice disorder

atypical pitch/ loudness/quality

organic

physiological

structural

anatomical changes

neurogenic

neurological

functional

misuse

Parkinson's disease effect on voice

ridged muscle tone restricts movement

behaviors like yelling or throat clearing are

phonotrauma

Nodules, cysts, polyps are

structural organic voice disorders

what is CAPE-V used for

rate judgments of vocal parameters

Instrumental assessment included

acoustic, Aerodynamic, laryngeal imaging

Main treatment goals with voice disorders

improve voice production, Facilitate communication

Vocal hygiene

modification of vocal habits

alternative to throat clearing

dry swallow

steps of exhalation

Relaxation, positive pressure, muscles contract if needed, air out, equalize

steps of phonation cycle

adduction+exhale, pressure builds, abduction, recoil, Bernoulli effect closes folds

Psychogenic disorders

a voice disorder linked to emotional and physiological characteristics

Conversion diorder

a physiological disturbance that is manifested by symptoms of a physical disease or disorder

spasmodic dysphonia

disorder that affects motor control of the larynx

vocal abuse

chronic or intermittent overuse or misuse of the vocal apparatus

paradoxical vocal fold movement (PVFM)

vocal folds without paralysis or paresis lose during periods in which they should be open

granuloma

mass of tissue at the site of a contact under that is generated by the bodies healing process

neurogenic voice disorders

damage or disease in the neurological systems associated with voice production

vocal tic disorder

when a person produces sudden, rapid, recurrent vocalization such as clicks, yelps, snorts, and coughs

contact ulcers

inflamed lesions, or ulcers, that develop on the arytenoid cartilages in the posterior region of the larynx

vocal nodules

small, bilateral protuberances or calloused growths on the inner edges of the vocal folds