Plant Tissues and Organ Systems: General Biology 2 - MIDTERMS

Meristematic Tissues

• Found in meristems which are plant region of continuous cell division and growth

• They continue to divide and contribute to the growth of the plant 

• apical

• lateral

• intercalary

types of meristematic tissue

Apical meristem

1. Enable a plant to extend in length

Intercalay meristem

2. Occur only in monocots, at the base of the internode

Lateral meristem

3. Facilitate growth in thickness

meristematic tissues and permanent tissue

two types of plant tissues

permanent tissues

• Consists of plant cell that are no longer actively dividing

Dermal tissues

4. Covers and protects the plants 

Vascular tissues

2. Transports water, minerals, and sugars

has two types: X… and P…

xylem and phloem

1. the two types of tissue under the v…. tissue

xylem tissue

Transports water and nutrients from the roots to different parts of the plants

phloem tissue

It transports organic compounds from the site of the photosynthesis to other parts of the plants 

sieve cells

these cells conduct photosynthates

adjacent

Xylem and phloem always lie …. to each other

vascular bundle

In the stem, the xylem and phloem form a structure called ….

vascular stele

In the root, the xylem and phloem form a structure called ….

ground tissues

3. Serves as site for photosynthesis, provides support, and helps to store water and sugars

dermal, vascular, ground

types of permanent tissues

simple and complex

categories of tissues

simple tissue

composed of similar cell types, ex. dermal tissue

complex tissue

composed of different cell types, ex. vascular tissue

vegetative part and reproductive part

two parts of a shoot system

leaves

• Main site for photosynthesis 

• Usually green due to the presences of chlorophyll

lamina

1. leaf blade, widest part of leaf

petiole

3. leaves are attached to the plant stem

midrib

2. travels the length of the leaf and branches to each side

stomata

5. pore found in the epidermis of leaves 

vein

4. composed of phloem and xylem cell

sessile

Leaves that do not have a petiole and are directly attached to the plant stem, ex. grass and fern

petiolate

leaves that have a petiole

venation pattern

arrangement of veins in a leaf

parallel venation

veins run in straight lines, ex. banana

reticulate venation

veins of a leaf have a net-like appearance, ex. mango

stem

• Provide support to the plant, holding leaves, flowers, and buds

• Connects the leaves to roots

• Transport the product of photosynthesis

nodes

6. points of attachment for leaves, aerial roots, and flowers

internodes

5. stem region between two nodes

petiole

3. stalk that extend from the stem to the base of the leaf

axillary bud

4. give rise to a branch of a flower

apical bud/thermal bud

1. bud at the tip (to grow, elongate)

1. exocarp

2. mesocarp

3. endocarp

4. pericarp

5. seed covered in seed coat

1. ovary

2. sepal

3. style

4. stigma

5. petal

6. anther

7. filament

8. receptacle

roots

• Absorbing water and minerals and transporting them upwards 

• Storing the product of photosynthesis

tap root and fibrous root

two types of roots

tap root

Has a main root from which many smaller lateral roots arise, ex. carrots

fibrous root

Forms a dense network of roots that also prevent soil erosion, ex. lawn grass, wheat, rice, corn