Matter and Change

What is matter?

Anything that has mass and volume

What is everything you come in contact with considered?

Some form of matter

What is anything that has mass and takes up space?

Matter

What is the measure of the amount of matter?

Mass

What is the measure of the gravitational pull on a substance?

Weight

What two things are NOT the same?

Mass and weight

What has a definite volume and definite shape?

Solid

What are characteristics of a solid?

Strong attractive forces; precipitate solid formed from mixing two liquids

What has a definite volume but no definite shape?

Liquid

What are characteristics of a liquid?

Particles move rapidly to temporarily overcome strong attractive forces; supernatant is the upper layer of fluid above a solid after a mixture settles

What does not have definite volume nor definite shape?

Gas

What are the characteristics of a gas?

No attractive forces when particles are far apart

What is the smallest particle of matter that maintains the chemical identity of an element?

Atom

What two things are pure substances?

Elements and compounds

What is a substance made of the same type of particle?

Element

Can an element be separated using a nuclear reaction?

No

What is a substance made up of two or more different types of atoms?

Compound

Can a compound be separated by physical means?

No, only by chemical means

What is a combination of two or more kinds of matter that retains its own identity?

Mixture

What are solutions that are uniform and made of various particles?

Homogeneous mixtures

What are mixtures that are not uniform and made of various particles?

Heterogeneous mixtures

What is used to describe matter and can be classified?

Properties

What depends on the amount of matter in the sample?

Extensive property

What are examples of extensive properties?

Mass, volume, calories

What depends on the type of matter in the sample, not the amount?

Intensive property

What are examples of intensive properties?

Hardness, density, boiling point, color

What is a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance?

Physical property

What are examples of physical properties?

Melting point, boiling point, color, texture, odor

What does a physical change not involve?

A change in the identity of the substance

What is the measure of kinetic energy?

Temperature

What is energy transferred from a hotter body to a cooler body?

Heat energy

What is when one or more substances are converted into a new substance?

Chemical change

What are examples of chemical change?

Rotting wood, souring milk, cooking eggs, grass growing

What do you look for during a chemical reaction?

Gas evolution, color change, precipitate formation, temperature change, odor formation

Mass is neither ___ nor ___

Created nor destroyed