CHE217 - History of Fluid Mechanics Quiz Bee

fluid

cannot resist shear stress by a static deflection and it moves and deforms continuously as long as the shear stress is applied.

fluid mechanics

the study of fluids either in motion or at rest.

computational fluid mechanics

the application of numerical techniques to complex geometries.

viscosity

an internal property of a fluid that offers resistance to flow, thus increasing the difficulty of basic questions because it causes a destabilizing effect.

turbulence

a disorderly and random phenomena caused by viscosity.

liquids

composed of relatively closed-pack molecules with strong cohesive forces, has a constant volume (almost incompressible), and will form a free surface in a gravitational field if unconfined from above.

gases

composed of widely-spaced molecules with negligible cohesive force that is free to expand until it encounters confining walls, it has to definite volume, gravitational effects are rarely concerned, and it will form an atmosphere when it is not confined

eulerian point of view

the dynamic behavior of the fluid is studied from a fixed point in space, and fluid properties and parameters are computed as filed functions.

lagrangian point of view

the dynamic behavior of a fluid particle is considered, thus, the probe would have to move downstream at the fluid particle speed.

velocity

a vector function of position and time, it is the rate of change of fluid position at a point in a flow field.

property

characteristic of a system.

thermodynamic properties

describe the state of a system.

system

a collection of matter of fixed identity that interacts with its surroundings.

temperature

the measure of internal energy, it is also a pointer for the direction of energy transfer as heat.

thermal equilibrium

reached when temperatures of two bodies are the same.

experimentally obtained temperature scales

°F and °C, they are based on the melting and boiling points of water.

two-point scales

another term for experimentally obtained temperature scales.

thermodynamic temperature scales

Kelvin and Rankine, they are independent of the material and are determined using a constant volume gas thermometer.

ancient civilization

• sailing ships with oars

• irrigation systems

archimedes

• parallelogram law for addition of vectors

• law of buoyancy

leonardo da vinci

• equation of conservation of mass in one-dimensional steady state flow

• waves, jets, hydraulic pumps, eddy formation

edme mariotte

• first wind tunnel

isaac newton

• laws of motion

• law of viscosity of linear fluids (newtonian fluids)

leonhard euler

• differential equation of motion and its integral form (bernoulli equation)

william froude

• laws of model testing

lord rayleigh

• dimensional analysis

osborne reynolds

• classic pipe experiment

• reynolds number

navier and stokes

• added newtonian viscous term to the equation of motion

ludwig pradtl

• fluid flows with small viscosity can be divided into a thin viscous layer (boundary layer) near solid surfaces and interfaces