Chapter 4 dynamics and Newton’s laws of motion

Physics

Force

A (blank) is simply a push or a pull. A (blank) is also an action exerted on an object which may cause a change in the object’s motion or state of rest.

Agent (fill in)

All real forces have (blank)

Agent

An (blank) of a force is the specific, immediate, identifiable cause of a force.

Force (fill in)

If there is not an immediate, identifiable cause to a force, it is not a (force)

Contact force

The agent and receiver of a force must be in contact

Field force

Are not required to have the agent and the receiver touch

Free body diagram

A diagram of an object and all of the forces acting on the object

free body diagram

Each force acting on the object is drawn with an arrow starting at the center of the object. Forces exerted by the object are not drawn. Forces should be labeled in agent-on-object format.

Inertia

Newton’s first law of motion is also called the “law of (blank)”

Inertia

A property of an object that resists changes in motion

An object at rest will remain at rest, an object in motion will remain in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.

Define Newton’s first law of motion (law of inertia)

Card and coin experiment, (tableware and tablecloth trick)

Which experiment is exemplary of Newton’s first law of motion?

Equilibrium

Newton’s first law is about (blank)

Constant velocity

An object can be moving, but still be in equilibrium if the object is moving with a (blank)

Acceleration

An object in equilibrium has no (blank)

Net outside force

If there is no acceleration, then there is no (blank)

Conditions of equilibrium

There is no net force, and no net torque.

The object accelerates

What happens when there is an outside, unbalanced, or net force acting on an object.

Law of acceleration

Newton’s second law is also called the:

The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on the object, the acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass of the object and in the same direction as the net force.

Newton’s second law of motion (law of acceleration)

F=ma

Equation pertaining to Newton’s second law

Mass

M is for (blank) in the equation f=ma. It is measured in kilograms. It is a scalar quantity. (Only magnitude)

Acceleration

A is for (blank) in the equation f=ma and is measured in m/s². (Blank) is a vector. This is the same (blank) that was in the kinematic equations as long as the net force remains constant.

Friction

Always a force that opposes motion or the attempt of motion

Fw, Fg, W, Fearth on object

Weight (free body diagrams)

Weight

A force, the pull of gravity, the agent is usually earth’s mass. Measured in Newtons, changes value when you go in orbit.

Mass

A measure of the amount of material in an object, measured in kilograms, it does not change value when you go into orbit.

Fw=mg

Shows that weight is the force of gravity exerted on an objects mass. Fw is the weight of an object, Fg can also be used, the force of gravity is also the force of earth’s mass on the object. It is measured in Newtons, m is the mass (measured in kilograms).

normal force

N (represented by the definition) is a force exerted by a surface union a direction perpendicular to the surface. (Also F_N)

Tension Force

The force exerted by ropes, wires, and strings (T) is exerted by both ends of the rope on some other object.

Law of interaction

Newton’s third law is also called the (blank)

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

Newton’s third law

Forces (Newton’s 3rd law question)

In Newton’s third law, the action and reaction are both (blank)

Fundamental forces

The four (blank) in nature that all forces are from.

Gravitational force

The force of gravity

Electromagnetic force

This links together electricity and magnetism. It also includes all contact forces.

Strong nuclear force

Hold all nuclei together.

Weak nuclear force

Basically holds a proton, electron and a neutrino together to form a neutron.

Dynamics

The study of the forces that cause objects and systems to move