Topic 1: School Age and Adolescents

industry vs inferiority

what is erikson’s theory of development for school age children (6-12)

industry vs inferiority

Erikson’s theory of development, when the child develops new interests and involvement in activities, learns and loves to follow rules, if successful develops confidence and enjoys learning

concrete operational

what is Piaget’s theory for school aged children (6-12)

• can classify and soft facts

• problem solve

• conservation skills (something is the same quantity even if the shape is changed)

• concrete thinking, NOT abstract

• humor

what does Piaget’s concrete operational stage for school aged children include

9 years

when do secondary sex characteristics begin in girls

12

when do secondary sex characteristics begin in boys

6 years

when will a child lose their first deciduous tooth

12 years

by what age will a child have all permanent teeth and expect final molars

school aged children

what age is at the greatest risk for greenstick fractures

6 years

when is vision 20/20

8 years

at what age can a child start having myopia (nearsightedness)

• proper use of sports equipment

• discourage risk taking behaviors

• wear a helmet while riding a bike

what does safety education for a school aged child include

effective car restrain systems, door-lock mechanisms, appropriate passenger seating locations

what does automobile safety measures for a school aged child incldue

• understands rules and rituals of games

• enjoys team and athletic activities

• construction toys, puzzles, legos

• likes competition and adventure

describe play of a school aged child

formal operational

what is piaget’s theory for adolescents (11-death)

• can think logically and abstract

• adaptable and flexibile

• problem solve well

• understand/plan/think about the future

what does Piaget’s theory of formal operational in adolescents include

identity vs role confusion

what is erikson’s theory of development for adolescents (12-18)

identity vs role confusion

erikson’s theory in which the child examines and redefines self, family, peer groups, and community; peer group is very important and will experiment with different roles

rapid increase in weight

what growth change can cause anxiety in adolescents

body odor and acne

what occurs when apocrine glands become active during puberty

12.5

what is the average age of menarche

1. breasts bud

2. rapid increase in height and weight

3. growth of pubic hair

4. appearance of axillary hair

5. menstruation (usually 2 years after the first sign)

what is the order of the Tanner Stages of Development in girls

1. enlargement of testes

2. growth of pubic, axillary, and other hair

3. rapid increase in height

4. changes in larynx and voice and growth of penis

5. nocturnal emissions

what is the order of the Tanner Stages of Development in boys

• monitor for obesity

• are at risk for fad diets

• need calcium for skeletal growth

what are nutrition considerations for adolescents

• accidents (motor vehicle, sports, firearms, suicide)

• tattoos

• drug, sex, alcohol

• lack of impulse control

• use of seatbelts

• depression

• peer pressure

what are safety considerations for adolescents

history of suicide attempts

what is a serious indicator for suicide in the future in adolescents

they have lots of peer pressure, are impulsive, are inexperienced, and do not always think logically

why are injuries the number one cause of death in adolescents

• peer relationships are very important and provide a sense of belonging and strength

• interest in heterosexual relationships

• enjoy sports/group activities

describe play of an adolescent