JavaFX and Object-Oriented Programming Concepts

These flashcards cover important terminology and concepts related to JavaFX and object-oriented programming.

AnimationTimer

A JavaFX class that helps create game loops or animations by calling handle(long now) on each frame.

Application

The base JavaFX class used to create GUI applications, where you extend and override the start() method.

BorderPane

A JavaFX layout that arranges nodes in top, bottom, left, right, and center regions.

Button

A clickable component that can trigger actions via setOnAction().

catch block

Handles exceptions thrown inside a try block.

checked exception

An exception that a programmer is expected to handle within the program.

Color

Represents colors used in JavaFX, e.g., for backgrounds or shapes.

Exception

An unexpected incident that stops the normal execution of a program.

FlowPane

A layout pane that arranges nodes in a flow, wrapping to the next line when needed.

GridPane

A layout pane that places components in a flexible grid of rows and columns.

HBox

Layouts that arrange components horizontally.

JavaFX lambda expression

A shorter way to write an implementation of a functional interface.

MouseListener

An interface in JavaFX used to handle basic mouse events, such as clicks and presses.

MouseMotionListener

An interface in JavaFX used to track mouse movement events, such as dragging and moving.

Scene

Contains the layout (like a Pane) and components to be displayed in the Stage.

StackPane

A layout pane that stacks all child nodes on top of each other.

Stage

The top-level window in a JavaFX application.

start()

Method that must be overridden from the Application class.

try block

Surrounds code that might throw an exception.

VBox

Layouts that arrange components vertically.

Encapsulation

A pillar of object-oriented programming that facilitates changes to the implementation of a class.

Inheritance

A method of code reuse that allows you to define a new class by extending the data fields and methods of an existing class.

Polymorphism

OOP concept: one interface, many implementations (e.g., different classes using the same method name differently).

Abstraction

Hiding implementation from use.

Node

The base class for all visual components in a JavaFX scene graph.

Abstract classes

A class that cannot be instantiated as an object, but is the superclass for a subclass.

Concrete class

A fully implemented class that can be instantiated.

Interfaces

A reference type in Java that can contain abstract methods to be implemented by classes.

Public

Accessible by self, derived classes, and everyone else.

Private

Accessible by self.

Default

Accessible by self and other classes in the same package.

Protected

Accessible by self, derived classes, and other classes in the same package.

Exception Types

Categories like ArithmeticException, IOException, RuntimeException.

Finally block

Optional block after try/catch that runs regardless of whether an exception was thrown.

Source object

The component that generated an event.

Event object

Contains information about the event that occurred.

Listener object

An object that waits for an event to occur and handles it.

Register object

Registers a listener with a GUI component so it will listen for events.

GUI

A program interface that uses graphics (windows, buttons, etc.) rather than command-line input.

InputMismatchException

Thrown when user input does not match the expected type.

FileNotFoundException

Thrown when an attempt to open a file fails because the file doesn't exist.

ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException

Thrown when trying to access an array with an invalid index.

ArithmeticException

Thrown when an illegal math operation occurs, like dividing by zero.

Pane

A generic container for layout management.

EventHandler

An interface for defining actions to take when events occur, like a button press.

ActionEvent

The event object generated when an action (like clicking a button) occurs.

Throws Clause

Declares that a method may throw certain exceptions.

Unchecked Exceptions

An exception that a programmer is not expected to catch and handle at runtime.

abstract method

A method that is not implemented in the base class, thus all derived classes must override the method.

Static Methods

A method that belongs to a class rather than an instance of the class.

Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT)

an application program interface (API) included in the original Java UI framework that supports simple graphical user interface programming; Swing classes are built on top of this; packages start with java.awt