Overview of Cellular Respiration

These flashcards cover key concepts related to cellular respiration and metabolism, as discussed in the lecture notes.

What is AMPK involved in?

AMPK is an energy sensor that helps regulate cellular metabolism.

What role do GLUT4 transporters have?

GLUT4 transporters facilitate the transport of glucose into cells.

What is the primary function of p53 in the cell?

p53 is a tumor suppressor protein that regulates the cell cycle and helps prevent cancer.

What does NAD+ do in cellular metabolism?

NAD+ acts as an electron carrier in various metabolic processes.

During glycolysis, what is glucose converted into?

During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into two 3-carbon molecules called pyruvate.

What are the main outputs of cellular respiration?

The main outputs are carbon dioxide, water, and energy (ATP).

What is the significance of the Krebs Cycle?

The Krebs Cycle is essential for energy production and occurs in the presence of oxygen.

What happens in the Electron Transport Chain?

In the Electron Transport Chain, high-energy electrons release energy to pump hydrogen ions across the membrane.

What is produced during fermentation in the absence of oxygen?

Fermentation produces lactic acid and helps regenerate NAD+.

How much ATP is produced in total from one glucose molecule during cellular respiration?

A total of 36 ATP are produced from one glucose molecule during cellular respiration.

What are the three main steps of cellular respiration?

The three steps are Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, and Electron Transport Chain.

What is the role of ATP in cellular energy?

ATP serves as the energy currency of the cell by releasing energy when phosphate bonds are broken.

How do plants utilize glucose created via photosynthesis?

Plants use glucose for energy through cellular respiration.

What model explains enzyme-substrate interaction?

The lock-and-key model and the induced-fit model describe enzyme-substrate interactions.

What impact does temperature have on enzyme activity?

Temperature can act as a modulator, affecting enzyme activity and reaction rates.