reaction time

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12 Terms

1
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reaction time definition

the time between the onset of the stimulus and the start if the movement in response to it.

e.g 100m sprint - time between gun and sprinter putting pressure on the starting blocks

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movement time definition

the time it takes from starting the movement to completing it

100m sprint - time between first pressing on the start blocks and finishing the race

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response time defined

time between the onset of the stimulus and the completion of the movement

reaction time + moevemtn time = response time

eg. 100m sprint - time between the gun going off and the runner completing the face

4
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difference between simple and choice reaction time? HICKS LAW

simple reaction time - is relevant to a single stimulus and a single possible response

choice reaction time - several stimuli are given but only one must be selected for a response

  • the more choices a person has, the kore infromation needs processing, and the longer it takes to process the information

  • the slower the reaction time

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factors affecting reaction time

  • gender - men seem to have better reaction time/ peak later

  • body temperature - higher body temperature be faster reaction time (lower reaction time) - warming up improves reaction time

  • personality - intrinsic and extrinsic

  • limb used - more dominant hand will be more likely to be faster reaction time

  • likelihood of stimulus occurring - signal/ trigger - signal more likely to be faster

  • arousal/ alertness - not at optimum arousal level, reaction time would be higher so would be slower

  • warning signal - reaction time is quicker

  • stimulus intensity - reaction time quicker - sight screen in cricket with red ball increasing intensity of stimulus - Wimbledon ball against green wall

  • age

  • hydration

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Hicks law

proposes if tennis serve only in one place there is only a number of one possible alternatives

as present more possibilities - their reposes time increases which is good for you as a player but bad for the opposition.

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simple reaction time example

is relevant to a single stimulus and a single possible response - goal keeper saving a penalty

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choice reaction time example

  • defending a 2 on 1

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psychological refractory period (PRP)

  • presentation of second stimulus

  • will slow down the processing of information

  • causing a time lag (this is PRP) between the relevant stimulus and an appropriate response

  • example: selling a dummy in Rugby

  • tennis ball clips the net and changes direction (stimulus 2) response to second stimulus

  • if its big not respond very quickly and potentially miss the ball

  • if its short (the line) respond more quicker

  • stimulus 1 and response 1 - stimulus 2 and response 2

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RPR sporting example 1 and 2

double dodge in netball

dummy pass

11
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the role of anticipation - spatial

predicting what skill will happen e.g fielder anticipates what should the batter will play in rounders/cricket

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role of anticipation - temporal

predicting when and where skill will be performed

GK anticipates where will the attacker shoot and when in hockey