Studied by 16 people
Cities and Urban Land-Use Patterns and Processes
central place theory
all market areas are focused on a central settlement
threshold
the minimum number of people required to support a business
range
the maximum distance that people are willing to travel to gain access to a service
agglomeration
exists when similar business activities are found in a local cluster
resource nodes
towns and cities that were founded due to access to natural resources
squatters
people who settle on land that they don’t own
land invasion
squatters that generally settle a new area overnight with a large number of families to avoid retributions from landowners and local police
land tenure
the legal right or title to the land upon which they build their homes
micro districts
zones of uniform housing that provide worker housing near job sites
suburbanization
the growth and spatial reorganization of contemporary city
suburban sprawl
the expansion of housing, transportation, and commercial development to undeveloped land on the urban periphery
counterurbanization
the movement of inner-city or suburban residents to rural areas to escape the congestion, crime, pollution, and other negative aspects of the urban landscape
colonial cities
cities with origins as centers of colonial trade or administration are classified together
fall-line cities
the ports that lay upstream on coastal rivers at the point where navigation was no longer possible by ocean-going ships
fall-line
where a river’s tidal estuary transitions to an upland stream at the first set of river falls
gateway cities
places where immigrants make their way into a country
entrepot
a port city in which goods are shipped in at one price and shipped out to other port locations at a higher price, resulting in profitable trade
megacity
more than 10 million people
megalopolis
the merging of the urbanized areas of two or more cities, generally through suburban growth and expansion
global/world city
signifies a metropolitan area as a global center for finance, trade, and commerce
primate city
when the largest city in a country has at least twice the population of the country’s next largest city
rank-size rule
a country’s second largest city is half the size of its largest city; the third-largest city is one-third the size of the largest city; and so on, such that the eighth largest city is one-eighth the size of the largest city
de facto segregation
where no law requiring ethnic or racial segregation exists, yet they nonetheless remain zones of separation
redlining
When banks refuse to give loans or insurance for property based on race
restrictive covenants
means of racial discrimination through the real estate system
gentrification
High value urban renewal that leads to the displacement of poorer residents
bond levies
raise money by increasing property taxes
brownfield remediation
a process in which hazardous contaminants are removed or sealed off from former industrial sites
Urban hierarchy
A ranking of settlements according to their size and economic functions
Blockbusting
When estate agents convince white owners to sell their houses at a low price due to the fear that a poc will move in
Metacity
Over 20 million
boomburb
a rapidly growing suburban city that has developed its own unique identity
exurb
a settlement that exits outside of a suburban area but remains connected to the metropolitan area
edge city
a settlement that has its own economic district and is located on the outskirts of a city near a beltway or a major highway
linkages
the connection between places or regions (ex. transportation linkages which involve movement of goods and people)
economic sustainability
focuses on creating inclusive economic development that offers equal opportunities to all residents
social sustainaibility
focuses on creating communities that provide education, healthcare services and social opportunities for all residents
white flight
when white residents migrate out of an urban area to a suburban area in larger numbers
urban blight
the deterioration and decay of buildings in an urban area, usually being abandoned, stripped or vandalized
smart growth policies
urban policies that seek to reduce urban sprawl and protect farmland surrounding the city
greenbelt
an area of land outside an urban area set aside for conservation or recreational purposes
infill development
building within an existing developed area on land that is unused
Note 
Flashcard (90)