Biology SL water flash cards

Cohesion

Water molecules like to stick each other. Water forms water droplets instead of spreading out.

Adhesion

Water molecules like to stick to other surfaces and other things

Hydrophillic

Loves water, substances mix well in water, the molecules are Polar and charge. e.g. Salt, sugar and it can be found inside the cell membrane

Hydrophobic

Hates water, substances doesn’t mix in water, the molecules are not polar. eg: oil.fats and it can be found outside the cell membrane

Polar convalent bond

atoms that like to share electons, not all electrons are shared fairly, some atoms pulls harder like oxygen becose its a slightly negative

Oxygen

pulls the electrons so it becomes a slightly electrons

Hydrogen

Losses some electrons so it becomes a slightly positive

Convalent bond

Share electrons

Why oxygen pulls more electrons?

It has a high electronegativity, hydrogen has a lower electronegativity.

Why oxygen has a high electronegativity.

There are more protons in the nucleus (stronger pulls)

Oxygen molecules have 8 protons

Hydrogen has 1 proton

Cohesion + Adhesion = Capilary action

plants uses cohesion + adhesion to pull water from their roots to their leaves.

surface tension

Water molecules are stick tightly to each other. No molecules above

it’s like an extra layer and allow water striders to walk on water.

Hydrogen bonds

Is a weak attraction between molecules.

Solvents

Is a substance that can be dissolved in water

solute

The substance that is being dissolved

Solution

Solvent + solute create a solution

Buoyancy

The upward force that water pushes on an object. That what make things float or sinks.

when an object is less danse than water- the object floats.

if the object is more danse than the water-the object will sink.

Ion

an atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge

Viscocity

How thick or sticky a Liquid is

Low viscocity: Flows easily (faster)

High viscosity: Flows slower

Capillary action

When water moves through tiny, narrow space without any help.

Happens because of Cohesion and Adhesion

Cohesion + adhesion works together

High specific capacity