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Interest Groups
Formal groups of individuals or organizations that attempt to influence government policy.
Lobbyists
Individuals who represent interest groups before the government, often compensated to advocate for specific policies.
First Amendment
Part of the U.S. Constitution that guarantees freedom of speech and the right to assemble and petition the government.
Material Benefits
Advantages that improve quality of life, such as economic, societal, or cultural benefits.
Solidarity Benefits
The value gained from working with others who share similar interests and goals within an interest group.
Purposive Benefits
The sense of working together for a common, important cause within an interest group.
Trade Associations
Groups of companies in the same business sector that lobby for favorable laws and regulations.
Professional Associations
Organizations of individual professionals focused on improving conditions and advocating for their specific careers.
Organized Labor
Groups of workers, often labor unions, that focus on employee rights and negotiate collectively for better conditions.
Political Action Committees (PACs)
Organizations that can raise and spend unlimited amounts of money to support political candidates and campaigns.
Grassroots Lobbying
Mobilizing large numbers of individuals to act on behalf of a group, often through votes, social media, or protests.
Texas Ethics Commission
The regulatory body that requires disclosure from interest groups about campaign contributions and lobbying activities.
Transparency in Lobbying
The requirement for lobbyists to register and report gifts to officials to ensure public knowledge of influences on legislators.
Friendly Incumbent Rule
The tendency for interest groups to donate to the campaigns of incumbent politicians, regardless of alignment with their issues.
Cause Groups
Interest groups that focus on specific social issues, such as environmental or health concerns.
Electioneering
The process by which interest groups support candidates and influence elections, often through financial contributions.