History mid term

What is Sectionalism?

Loyalty to one's region over the country, contributing to divisions between the North and South.

What were the Causes of the Civil War?

Key issues included slavery, states' rights, economic disputes, and cultural differences.

What was the significance of the Battle of Vicksburg?

A turning point in the Civil War where the Union gained control of the Mississippi River.

What was Lincoln's Plan for Reconstruction?

Focused on reunifying the nation with a lenient approach, offering amnesty to loyal individuals.

What was the Radical Republicans' Plan?

Sought harsher punishment for the South and protection for freedmen through the Military Reconstruction Act.

What was the goal of the Dawes Act?

Aimed to assimilate Native Americans by allotting individual plots of land.

What did the Populist Party seek?

Sought government control of railroads and a graduated income tax to address farmers' needs.

What is Social Darwinism?

Application of Darwin's theories to justify social and economic policies, advocating laissez faire.

What was the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882?

Legislation that limited immigration of Chinese laborers into the U.S.

What is Vertical Integration?

A business model where a company controls multiple stages of production.

What are Trusts?

Consolidated multiple companies under a single board, limiting competition and creating monopolies.

Sectionalism

Loyalty to one's region over the country, contributing to divisions between North and South during the Civil War.

Causes of the Civil War

Key issues included slavery, states' rights, economic disputes, and cultural differences.

Battle of Vicksburg

A turning point in the Civil War; Union victory gained control of the Mississippi River.

13th Amendment

The constitutional amendment that abolished slavery in the United States.

Reconstruction

The period after the Civil War focused on reintegrating Southern states into the Union and addressing the rights of freed slaves.

Freedmen's Bureau

Established to aid freed slaves in adapting to freedom, providing food, housing, medical care, and education.

Dawes Act

Legislation aimed at assimilating Native Americans by allotting individual plots of land.

Populist Party

A political group that sought government control of railroads, graduated income tax, and direct election of senators.

Social Darwinism

The application of Darwin's theories of evolution to justify social and economic policies, supporting a laissez-faire approach.

Chinese Exclusion Act

1882 law that limited immigration of Chinese laborers into the United States.

What is Sectionalism?

Loyalty to one's region over the country, contributing to divisions between the North and South during the Civil War.

What were the Causes of the Civil War?

Slavery, states' rights, economic disputes, and cultural differences created significant tensions between North and South.

What was the significance of the Battle of Vicksburg?

A turning point in the Civil War, where the Union gained control of the Mississippi River in July 1863.

What does the 13th Amendment do?

Constitutional amendment that abolished slavery in the United States.

What is the purpose of the 14th Amendment?

Provided citizenship and equal protection under the law, overruling the Dred Scott decision.

What did the 15th Amendment accomplish?

Granted African American men the right to vote.

What was the goal of the Dawes Act?

Legislation aimed at assimilating Native Americans by allotting individual plots of land.

What is sharecropping?

A system where tenant farming led to cycles of debt for many African Americans after the Civil War.

What were the goals of the Populist Party?

Political party that sought government control of railroads, graduated income tax, and direct election of senators.

What is bimetallism?

Economic policy advocating the use of both gold and silver to back currency, supported by William Jennings Bryan.

What was the purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act?

Legislation aimed at preventing monopolies and promoting competition in the U.S. economy.

What did the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 do?

Limited immigration of Chinese laborers into the United States.

What is patronage in a political context?

The practice of giving government jobs to political supporters and allies.

What role did political bosses play in urban areas?

Political leaders who provided jobs and housing to immigrants in exchange for political loyalty.

What is urbanization?

The process of cities growing due to immigration and industrialization, causing increased demand for jobs and housing.