Leadership

Management

Use of authority inherent in designated formal rank to obtain compliance from organizational members.

Leadership

The ability to influence a group toward the achievement of collective goals.

Trait Theory

A leadership perspective that assumes that personal traits are the key to leadership success.

Great Man Theory

A belief that leaders are born with innate traits that distinguish them from non-leaders.

Power

The capacity that A has to influence the behavior of B so that B acts in accordance with A's wishes.

The General Dependency Postulate

The greater B's dependency on A, the greater the power A has over B.

Formal Power

Power established by an individual's position in an organization.

Coercive Power

Power based on the capacity to penalize or punish others for non-compliance.

Reward Power

Compliance achieved based on the ability to distribute rewards that others view as valuable.

Legitimate Power

Power derived from an individual's position in the formal hierarchy of an organization.

Expert Power

Influence based on special skills or knowledge.

Referent Power

Influence based on followers identifying with the leader, often due to personal characteristics.

Situational Leadership

Leadership that changes based on the situation and the readiness of the employees.

Ohio State Studies of Leadership

Research emphasizing that leaders are made, not born, focusing on leader behaviors.

Initiating Structure

Extent to which leaders organize and define roles in pursuit of goal attainment.

Consideration

Extent to which leaders create job relationships based on mutual trust and respect.

Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Theory

Focuses on the interactions between a leader and subordinates.

Shared Leadership

An emergent team property where leadership is distributed among team members.

Transactional Leadership

A leadership style that focuses on transactions between leader and follower to achieve goals.

Transformational Leadership

A leadership style that inspires followers to commit to a shared vision and develop their potential.

Theory X Leadership

Assumes that employees can only be motivated by rewards and punishment.