Ch21 Progressive Era

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What was the primary goal of the Square Deal?

To regulate business monopolies.

What legislation gave the government power over railroads?

The Elkins Act of 1903.

Who is known as the first 'green' president?

Theodore Roosevelt, due to his conservation efforts.

What significant act aimed to protect ancient sites from theft?

The Antiquities Act of 1906.

What was the Safety Valve Theory in the context of progressivism?

It suggested small, incremental changes until a larger change was accepted.

What was the role of progressives in society?

They were highly educated middle-class individuals advocating for social reforms.

What was the significance of Upton Sinclair's 'The Jungle'?

It exposed unsanitary conditions in the food industry, leading to the Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food & Drug Act of 1906.

What did the Morrill Acts of 1862 and 1890 provide?

Land grants for universities.

What was the impact of the 17th Amendment?

It established the direct election of U.S. Senators.

What was the purpose of the Women's Christian Temperance Union?

To promote temperance and women's rights.

What was the first supermarket called?

Piggly Wiggly, established in 1916.

Who was Margaret Sanger and what was her contribution?

She advocated for birth control and founded the American Birth Control League.

What was the significance of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938?

It established the 8-hour workday, minimum wage, and child labor laws.

What was the primary focus of muckrakers during the Progressive Era?

To expose corruption and social injustices through investigative journalism.

What was the outcome of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire?

It led to increased demands for workplace safety regulations.

What did the Clayton Anti-Trust Act of 1914 aim to achieve?

To strengthen antitrust laws and protect competition.

What was the role of the Federal Reserve Act of 1913?

To create the Federal Reserve System, regulating the U.S. monetary policy.

What did the 19th Amendment accomplish?

It granted women the right to vote.

What was the significance of the Keating-Owen Act of 1916?

It aimed to restrict child labor by prohibiting the sale of goods produced by factories that employed children.

Who were Frank and Lillian Gilbreth?

Pioneers of scientific management who wrote about efficient family management.

What was the purpose of the Direct Primaries?

To allow party members to choose their candidates directly.

What did the term 'muckrakers' refer to?

Journalists who exposed corruption and societal issues during the Progressive Era.

What was the significance of the 16th Amendment?

It allowed the federal government to impose an income tax.

What was the role of public health sanitarians like Colonel George Waring?

To improve urban sanitation and public health conditions.

What did the term 'scientific management' refer to?

A management theory that analyzes workflows to improve efficiency.

What was the impact of urbanization during the Progressive Era?

Rapid population growth in cities, leading to public health and housing challenges.