IB Geography Weathering

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10 Terms

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Weathering
Gradual disintegration of rocks which lie exposed to the weather in situ
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Physical: Temperature Change
Outer layer expands and contracts because of high diurnal temperature range, ‘exfoliation’
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Physical: Freeze-Thaw
Frost shattering
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Physical: Salt Crystalisation
Salt crystals develop in pore spaces, generating mechanical stress, mostly in coastal locations
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Physical: Plants and Animals
* roots crack rocks along joints and bedding planes → root pry
* burrowing animals → land crabs, rabbits, moles, puffins
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Chemical: Hydrolysis
Reaction of something with water, dissolves + reacts with minerals
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Chemical: Oxidation
Iron reacts with oxygen, happens to mafic rocks
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Chemical: Carbonation
CO2 + H20 → carbonic acid, reacts with calcite in CaCO3
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Chemical: Acidification
Lichens and moss(cushion plants), water running over it creates weak humic acid, slowly eats away at rock
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Kast
Limestone, joints are from drying out, permeable but not porous, water gets through cracks in rock