Motor Behavior – Terminology Quiz – STUDY GUIDE

Affordance

The function an environmental object provides to an individual, based on their body and the object’s size, shape, texture, etc.

Teratogen

Any drug or chemical agent that causes abnormal development in a fetus upon exposure.

Constraint related to behavior such as motivation and fear

Functional constraint

A maturationist believes that…

Biological factors are primarily responsible for motor development, and the environment has little effect

Osteoporosis

A major bone mineral disorder characterized by bone mineral density significantly below average.

Catch-up growth

Faster-than-expected growth after a temporary growth-limiting condition is removed

Lowering the basketball net and providing a smaller ball for a 4-year-old

Body scaling

Hyperplasia

An increase in the absolute number of cells

Temperature and humidity are examples of what constraint?

Physical environmental constraint.

Significant loss of muscle mass and strength in an older adult

Sarcopenia

Congenital defects

Anomalies present at birth, regardless of whether their causes are genetic or extrinsic

Motor learning

Relatively permanent gains in motor skill capability associated with practice or experience

What pattern does overall body growth follow?

Sigmoid, or S-shaped, curve

Relative growth

Different body parts, tissues, and organs grow at different rates, causing changes in body proportions.

Muscle strength holding back independent walking in an infant is a…

Rate limiter

Newell’s three constraints

• Individual

• Environment

• Task

Direction of growth proceeding from the body toward the extremities

Proximodistal

Motor behavior is comprised of…

• Motor learning

• Motor control

• Motor development

Aging

The process that leads to the loss of adaptability or full function and eventually to death.

Intrinsic” is closely related to what type of factors?

Genetic factors

Motor development

Continuous, age-related process of change in movement