Ch. 19: The Worlds of the North and South
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34 Terms
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What was the effect of the Cotton Gin's invention?
Cotton became the biggest cash crop in the South
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What did the Industrial Revolution allow for?
The shift from hand manufacturing to machines
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Who invented the reaper?
Cyrus McCormick
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Who were the political leaders in the South?
Wealthy plantation owners dominated because agriculture was the base of the economy in the South
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Why did the north attract more immigrants than the south?
There were more jobs (paying) in the North in mills/ factories
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How were free African Americans in the North treated?
Not equal to other citizens
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What conditions encouraged many immigrants to come to the United States between 1845 & 1860?
War and famine
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What was a result of overcrowded conditions in the North?
Disease spread
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Deforestation
The clearing away of forests.
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Agrarian
Person who favors an agricultural way of life and government policies that support agricultural interests.
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Plantation
A large area of privately owned land where crops were grown through the labor of workers who lived on the land.
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Cotton gin
A hand-operated machine that cleans seeds and other unwanted material from cotton.
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Manually
Using human effort, not electricity or other power
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Industrial Revolution
The dramatic change in economies and cultures brought about by the use of machines to do work formerly done by hand.
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Industrialist
Person whose wealth comes from the ownership of industrial businesses and who favors government policies that support industry.
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Innovation
New idea, method, or invention
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Drastically
Extreme or sudden
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Internal
Inside or within
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Pull factor
An influence that draws someone to a new location
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Push factor
An influence that drives someone away from a location.
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Hostility
Unfriendly or angry feelings or behavior
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Geography of the North
\-Freezing winters & hot, humid summers
\-Few flat areas, a jagged coast and thick forests
\-Few flat areas, a jagged coast and thick forests
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Economy of the North
\-Based on manufacturing
\-Mills/factories
\-Impacted most by Industrial Revolution
\-Mills/factories
\-Impacted most by Industrial Revolution
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Transportation in the North
\-Railroads (fastest/cheapest way)
\-Canals
\-Canals
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Society in the North
\-Immigrants
\-Many people lived in cities
\-Many people lived in cities
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Geography of the South
\-Plentiful rainfall and long growing seasons
\-Fertile and wide coastal plains with marshes and swamps
\-Mild winters and long, hot summers
\-Fertile and wide coastal plains with marshes and swamps
\-Mild winters and long, hot summers
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Economy of the South
\-Based on agriculture
\-Money put into slaves and land not factories
\-Cotton was #1 cash crop
\-Money put into slaves and land not factories
\-Cotton was #1 cash crop
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Transportation in the South
\-Steamboats
\-River travel
\-River travel
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Society in the South
\-Lived on farms
\-Slaves worked on farms
\-Rich planters lived on plantations and ran politics in the South
\-Slaves worked on farms
\-Rich planters lived on plantations and ran politics in the South
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Who invented the sewing machine?
Elias Howe
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Who invented the steel-tipped plow?
John Deere
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How did the physical geography of the north influence economic activity in the region?
Encouraged shipbuilding, fishing, crafts, and trade
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Why did the South oppose laws to provide federal money for internal improvements such as roads and canals?
They thought these improvements would only benefit the Northern states
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What prevented the South from making economic and cultural progress?
Their dependency on slaves
Note 
Flashcards (51)