Chapter 6; Integumentary system

Select the layer below that contains dividing cells.

A)stratum corneum

B)stratum lucidum

C)stratum spinosum

D)stratum basale

stratum basale

This layer is absent in thin skin

A)stratum corneum

B)stratum lucidum

C)stratum spinosum

D)stratum basale

stratum lucidum

Which of the following terms refers to a yellowing of skin due to an abnormally high level of bilirubin in the blood?

A)Jaundice

B)Albinism

C)Erythema

D)Cyanosis

jaundice

Which of the following does not contribute to skin color?

A)Carotene

B)Bilirubin

C)Erythrocytes

D)Melanin

E)hair color

hair color

Blond hair -

A)contains air in the medulla.

B)normally has a flatter shaft than brown or black hair.

C)has a sparse amount of melanin in the cortex.

D)typically lacks a cuticle.

E)is a result of low amount of iron in the papillae.

Normally has a flatter shaft than brown or black hair

The hair of the fetus is called ________________.

A)Lanugo

B)Nonexistent

C)Vellus

D)Terminal

E)Vibrissae

lanugo

The oily secretion that prevents the skin from drying and cracking is

A)cerumen.

B)pheomelanin.

C)sebum.

D)diaphoresis.

sebum

These skin glands protect the ear.

A) merocrine

B) ceruminous

C) sebaceous

D) apocrine

E) mammary

ceruminous

In this type of burn, only the epidermis is involved.

A)first degree

B)second degree

C)third degree

first degree

Which type of skin graft is unlikely to cause an immune reaction?

A)Autograft

B)Isograft

C)Xenograft

D)Homograft

Autograft

A major function of the skin is protection from-

A) abrasion.

B)ultraviolet light.

C)entry of microorganisms.

D)dehydration.

E)all of these

all of these

The layer of skin that is composed of dense connective tissue and has projections called papillae is the

A)dermis.

B)hypodermis.

C)stratum corneum.

D)stratum basale.

E)stratum lucidum.

dermis

This layer contains loose connective tissue and has about half of the body's stored fat.

A)dermis.

B)hypodermis.

C)stratum corneum.

D)stratum basale

hypodermis

The specific layer that shapes the ridges for fingerprints and footprints is the -

A)hypodermis.

B)papillary layer of the dermis.

C)reticular layer of the dermis.

D)underlying muscle layer.

E)superficial bony layer.

papillary layer of the dermis

The epidermis is nourished by diffusion from capillaries in the -

A)epidermis.

B)reticular layer of the dermis.

C)papillary layer of the dermis.

D)hypodermis.

E)subcutaneous tissue.

papillary layer of the dermis

Cell division occurs in which layer of the epidermis?

A)stratum basale

B)stratum corneum

C)stratum granulosum

D)stratum lucidum

E)stratum reticularis

stratum basale

The stratum germinativum includes both the stratum basale and the -

A)stratum corneum.

B)stratum granulosum.

C)stratum lucidum.

D)stratum reticularis.

E)stratum spinosum.

stratum spinosum

The __________ consists of many layers of dead squamous cells.

A)Dermis

B)Hypodermis

C)stratum corneum

D)stratum basale

E)stratum spinosum

stratum corneum

In which of these layers are melanocytes found?

A)Dermis

B)Hypodermis

C)stratum corneum

D)stratum basale

E)stratum spinosum

stratum basale

Thick skin

A)usually lacks the stratum lucidum.

B)is typically found on the back.

C)does not produce hair.

D)(unlike thin skin) develops calluses and corns.

E)all of these

does not produce hair

Most of the cells of the epidermis are

A)fibroblasts.

B)keratinocytes.

C)Langerhans cells.

D)macrophages.

E)melanocytes.

keratinocytes

Cyanosis is a condition caused by

A) consuming large amounts of carotene.

B)increased blood flow to the skin.

C)albinism.

D)exposure to ultraviolet light.

E)a decrease in blood oxygen.

decrease in blood oxygen

Concerning skin color, which of these statements is correctly matched?

A)Skin appears yellow = not enough oxygen in blood.

B)Pale skin = shock.

C)Skin tans = increased carotene in stratum corneum.

D)Dark skin = less melanin than light skin.

E)Pregnancy = decrease in the production of melanin.

pale skin = shock

Q. All of these conditions increase the amount of melanin in the skin EXCEPT:

A)exposure to ultraviolet light.

B)pregnancy.

C)Addison's disease.

D)vitiligo.

E)freckles.

vitiligo

Which type of burn is described by all of the following characteristics?

1. epidermis and dermis destroyed 2. initially painless 3. much scar

tissue formed

A)first degree

B)second degree

C)third degree

third-degree burn

Which of these is the type of hair found on the fetus, but is not

present after birth?

A)terminal hair

B)Lanugo

C)vellus hair

D)both a and b

lanugo

Terminal hair

A)is found in greater quantity in adult females than in adult males.

B)decreases at puberty.

C)is found on eyebrows and eyelids.

D)is fine, unpigmented hair.

E)is found only on the toes.

is found on eyebrows and eyelids

The outermost layer of the hair shaft is the

A)cortex.

B)cuticle.

C)medulla.

cuticle

The hair follicle

A)has an epithelial root sheath and a dermal root sheath.

B)can provide epithelial cells for skin repair.

C)contains only the stratum germinativum at the hair bulb.

D)has an arrector pili muscle attached.

E)all of these

has an arrector pilimuscle attached

Hair is formed from epithelial cells in the

A)matrix.

B)dermal root sheath.

C)hypodermis.

D)cuticle.

E)hair shaft.

dermal root sheath

Scalp hairs can grow longer than eyelash hairs because

A)the head has a better blood supply than the eyelid.

B)the hair follicles in the scalp are much deeper than follicles in the eyelid.

C)the scalp hairs are more exposed to the sun, which stimulates growth.

D)the growth stage for scalp hairs is longer than for eyelash hairs.

E)the eyelash hair shaft consists of columns of dead keratinized epithelial cells.

the growth stage for scalp hairs is longer than for eyelash hairs

Arrector pili muscles

A)consist of skeletal muscle fibers.

B)are attached directly to the hair shaft.

C)contract in response to frightening situations.

D)cause sweat glands to contract.

E)assist in the production of sebum.

contract in response to frightening situations

Which glands of the skin possess all of the following characteristics? 1. secrete oily, white substance rich in lipids 2. open into a hair follicle 3. during secretion, lysis and death of secretory cells occurs

A)apocrine sweat glands

B)merocrine sweat glands

C)sebaceous glands

sebaceous glands

Apocrine sweat glands

A) are found everywhere in the body except the palms of the hands.

B)produce secretions that are metabolized by bacteria to produce odor.

C)are functional even in babies.

D)are located in the external auditory meatus.

E)produce cerumen

produce secretions that are metabolized by bacteria to produce odor

Nails

A) grow from the nail matrix.

B)have a resting stage, similar to hair.

C)have a visible part, which is the nail bed.

D)have a hyponychium, which is the whitish, crescent-shaped area at the base of the nail.

E)contain proteoglycans and chondrocytes

grow from the nail matrix

The nail is __________ that contains hard keratin.

A)stratum basale

B)stratum corneum

C)stratum granulosum

D)stratum lucidum

E)stratum spinosum

stratum corneum

Which of these events occur as a result of a decrease in body temperature?

A)blood vessels in the epidermis dilate, at first

B)blood vessels in the dermis constrict if skin temperature falls below degrees C

C)contraction of arrector pili muscles

D)sweat is produced

E)all of these

contraction of arrector pili muscles

Protective functions of the integumentary system include all of these

EXCEPT:

A)callus formation prevents damage by friction.

B)nails protect the ends of digits.

C)hairs in the nose and ears prevent entry of foreign materials.

D)hair protects the head from abrasion and ultraviolet light.

E)skin glands produce alkaline secretions that kill bacteria.

callus formation prevents damage by friction

As a result of aging, the skin

A)increases the amount of elastic fibers in the dermis.

B)becomes thicker.

C)has decreased blood flow.

D)has increased activity of the sebaceous and sweat glands.

E)generally increases the amount of melanin produced.

has decreased blood flow

Which of these is NOT considered to be a cause of acne?

A)hormones, especially testosterone

B)a diet rich in fatty foods and chocolate

C)abnormal keratinization of hair follicles

D)an increase in sebum production

E)the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes

abnormal keratinization of hair follicles

Name three types of skin cancers. Know about the

layers of skin it involves. Which one is dangerous?

melanoma, basal carcinoma, squamous carcinoma

What are the different types (3) of burns?

1st degree

2nd degree

3rd degree