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active transport?
substance movement from area of low concentration to area of high concentration via ATP + a carrier protein
process of active transport?
transport via carrier proteins in cell membrane
molecule binds to complimentary receptor on protein
ATP binds to protein + is hydrolysed into ADP + Pi
causing protein to change shape + release the molecule on the other side
Pi release + protein returns to original shape
process of co-transport glucose/amino acids in the ileum?
Na+ actively transported out of epithelial cell into blood via carrier protein
reduces Na+ conc. in epithelial
Na+ diffuses (facilitated) from lumen into epithelial via co-transporter protein
glucose can attach + diffuse into epithelial too, against their conc. gradient
glucose conc. in epithelial > capillaries, so diffuses via facilitated diffusion into blood down its conc. gradient
why is co-transport used to transport glucose/amino acids?
higher conc. of glucose in epithelial than in the lumen, so co-transport required