​​​​Bone Anatomy

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22 Terms

1
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diaphysis -

- shaft

- composed of compact bone

<p>- shaft</p><p>- composed of compact bone</p>
2
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periosteum covering for what

outside covering of the diaphysis (shaft)

<p>outside covering of the diaphysis (shaft)</p>
3
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periosteum: tissue

fibrous connective tissue membrane that protects

<p>fibrous connective tissue membrane that protects</p>
4
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Sharpey's fibers

secure periosteum to underlying bone

<p>secure periosteum to underlying bone</p>
5
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arteries

supply bone cells with nutrients

<p>supply bone cells with nutrients</p>
6
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epiphysis

- ends of the bone

<p>- ends of the bone</p>
7
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epiphysis: consists of

consists of thin layer of compact bone enclosing spongy bone

<p>consists of thin layer of compact bone enclosing spongy bone</p>
8
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articular cartilage convers

covers the external surface of epiphyses

<p>covers the external surface of epiphyses</p>
9
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articular cartilage made of what

hyaline cartilage which decreases friction at joint surfaces

<p>hyaline cartilage which decreases friction at joint surfaces</p>
10
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epiphyseal line

  • thin line of bony tissue spanning epiphyseal

  • remnant of epiphyseal plate

11
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epiphyseal plate

  • flat plate of hyaline cartilage

  • cause lengthwise growth of long bone (ends at puberty)

<ul><li><p>flat plate of hyaline cartilage</p></li><li><p>cause lengthwise growth of long bone (ends at puberty)</p></li></ul><p></p>
12
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yellow marrow

inside medullary cavity and storage area for adipose (fat)

<p>inside medullary cavity and storage area for adipose (fat)</p>
13
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red marrow

  • fills cavity of shaft in infants only

    • in adult found in flat bones and epiphysis of long bones

<ul><li><p>fills cavity of shaft in infants only</p><ul><li><p>in adult found in flat bones and epiphysis of long bones</p></li></ul></li></ul><p></p>
14
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projections and processes

grow out from the bone surface

15
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depressions or cavities

indentations

16
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osteocyte

mature bone cell

17
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lacunae

  • cavities containing bone cells (osteocytes)

    • carries blood vessels and nerves

<ul><li><p>cavities containing bone cells (osteocytes)</p><ul><li><p>carries blood vessels and nerves</p></li></ul></li></ul><p></p>
18
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lamellae

  • rings around the central canal

  • sites of lacunae

<ul><li><p>rings around the central canal</p></li><li><p>sites of lacunae</p></li></ul><p></p>
19
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central (Haversian) canal

  • opening in the center of an osteon

  • carries blood vessels and nerves

<ul><li><p>opening in the center of an osteon</p></li><li><p>carries blood vessels and nerves</p></li></ul><p></p>
20
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osteon (Haversian) system

system of interconnected canals in bones

<p>system of interconnected canals in bones</p>
21
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canaliculi

  • tiny canals that radiate from the central canal to lacunae

  • form a transport system that connects all bones to nutrient supply through hard matrix

<ul><li><p>tiny canals that radiate from the central canal to lacunae</p></li><li><p>form a transport system that connects all bones to nutrient supply through hard matrix</p></li></ul><p></p>
22
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perforating (Volkman’s) canal

  • canal perpendicular to the central canal

  • carries blood vessels and nerves

<ul><li><p>canal perpendicular to the central canal</p></li><li><p>carries blood vessels and nerves</p></li></ul><p></p>