l1 - moral reasonings

ethics are derived from ______ philosophy

greek

3 philosophers in ethics

plato

socrates

aristotles

philosphy examines what?

critical reasoning

logical argument

reflection

define ethics

study fo morality using tools and methods of philosophy

there are TWO approaches to ethics (true or false)

true

normative and non-normative

define non-normative

not taking a stance (i.e. analyzing morality without taking a moral position)

non-normative ethics can be further broken down into what categories?

descriptive ethics

metaethics

explain what decsriptive ethics are

applied ethics (moral concepts resolving moral issues)

explain what metaethics is

the study of the meaning of basic moral beliefs (defining whats right vs. wrong)

define what normartive ethics are

taking a stance (i.e. searching for justification of moral standards)

normative ethics can be further broken down into what TWO categories

general nromative

practical nromative

explain what general normative means

formulating basic principles governing moral life

explain what practical normative means

the application of principles in real-world situations

what is the defintion of bioethics

applied ethics focused on healthcare, medical research/technology

what are the FIVE major ethical principles

autonomy

beneficience

nonmaleficence

utility

justice

define autonomy

respect for persosn; controlling their own lives

define beneficence

doing good for others

define nonmaleficence

not doing harm to others

define utility

doing maximum good and the least harm

define justice

treating everyone equally

what is the absolute principle

it means that something applies without exception

what is the prima facie principle

applies in all cases unless an exception

what are the THREE types of ethical relativisms

subjective

cultural

moral

define subjective relativism

right actions are sanctioned by a person

define cultural relativism

right actions are sanctioned

define moral relativism

there are moral norms that are true for eveyrone

define argument

one statement providing support for another statement

what are two types of arguments

deductive

inductive

define a deductive argument

an argument intended to give logically conclusive support

define an inductive argument

an argument intended to give probable support

what are the rules to evaluating arguments (there are 3)

study the text until you understand it

find the conclusion

identify the premises