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15 Terms
1
What roles do vitamins and minerals play in the body?
They are involved in the production of red blood cells, building bones, making hormones, regulating body fluid volume, and supporting nerve cell function.
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2
What are the expected pharmacological actions of iron preparations?
Iron preparations provide iron needed for RBC development and oxygen transport to cells.
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3
What are the therapeutic uses of iron preparations?
To treat and prevent iron-deficiency anemia, especially in at-risk groups such as infants, children, and pregnant clients.
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4
What complications can arise from iron preparations?
GI distress, teeth staining (liquid form), staining of skin with IM injections, anaphylaxis, hypotension, and fatal iron toxicity in children.
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5
What should you do if a client experiences intolerable GI distress from iron preparations?
Administer the medication with food, but note that this greatly reduces absorption.
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6
What are the contraindications for iron preparations?
Precautions for clients with previous hypersensitivity to iron, anemias other than iron-deficiency, and GI disorders.
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7
How does vitamin B12 function in the body?
Vitamin B12 is necessary for converting folic acid from its inactive form to its active form, which is crucial for DNA production.
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8
What can a deficiency of vitamin B12 lead to?
Megaloblastic anemia, dysrhythmias, heart failure, and neurologic damage.
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9
What is the purpose of administering potassium supplements?
To treat hypokalemia and to prevent potassium loss resulting from diuretics and gastrointestinal issues.
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10
What are some complications associated with potassium chloride administration?
Local GI ulceration, GI distress, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and hyperkalemia.
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11
What should be monitored when administering magnesium sulfate?
Cardiac and neuromuscular status, blood magnesium levels, and manifestations of toxicity, such as depressed reflexes.
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12
What is a nursing action for clients receiving vitamin B12 therapy?
Monitor blood counts and vitamin B12 levels every 3 to 6 months.
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13
What dietary sources are high in vitamin B12?
Dairy products, meat, and fortified cereals.
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14
What signs indicate the effectiveness of iron therapy?
Increased reticulocyte count, increase in hemoglobin, subsiding fatigue and pallor.
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15
Which clients should be referred for folic acid therapy?
Those at risk for folic acid deficiency, such as those with heavy alcohol use or women of child-bearing age.
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