HRM

Define HRM

HRM is the management of people in organizations to drive successful organisational performance and achievement of organizations strategic goals

what is the strategic significance of HRM

Their job is to ensure that the organization finds and hires the best individuals available, develops their talent, creates a productive work environment, and continually builds and monitors these human assets.

Define human capital

the knowledge, education, training, skills and expertise for an organizations workforce

define balanced scorecard

A measurement system that translated organizations strategy into a comprehensive set of financial and operational performance measures

Define employee engagement

The emotional and intellectual involvement of employees in their work, and the intensity, focus, and involvement they bring to their jobs and organizations. 

What does Traditional HR practices involve

Welfare offices and welfare secretaries to manage activities like factory washrooms, safety bureaus, to oversee plant safety and hiring offices, training programs and factory schools. known as personnel management. personnel managers took over hiring and firing from supervisors, ran the payroll departments, and administered benefits plans. As expertise in testing emerged, personnel departments played a greater role in employee selection and training. 

What is outsourcing

a business practice in which services or job functions are hired out to a third party on a contract or ongoing basis.

What is environmental scanning

Identifying and analyzing external opportunities and threats that may be crucial to the organization’s success.

What is organizational culture

values, beliefs, and norms of organizational members

Baby boomers born between xx to xx

1946 to 1964

Generation X born between xx to xx

1965 to 1980

What is the canadian council of human resource associations

CPHR Canada is the National Voice of HR​​ In Canada and around the world, CPHR Canada is leading HR recognition, advancement and influence.

What are the objectives of HR associations across canada

positions in HR appeared either to value CHRL and CPHR designations equally, or to suggest that a professional designation in HR was a desired attribute, rather than a requirement, without referring to which designation would be considered.  

Why must a company review legislations across provinces/territories

Not all provinces have the same legislations, what may apply in Ontario may be subject to change in British Columbia 

What is the human rights commission

• To sit in independent judgment of complaints of alleged discrimination.

• to promote and enforce human rights, to engage in relationships that embody the principles of dignity and respect, and to create a culture of human rights compliance and accountability. We act as a driver for social change based on principles of substantive

What is the ministry of labour

The Ministry of Labour works to establish and enforce employment standards, prevent workplace injuries, illnesses and deaths, and handle workplace disputes in Ontario. It works on behalf of employers and employees to ensure harmonious workplaces across the province.

What is the employment standard legislation

The employment standards legislation in each province and territory within Canada sets out the minimum legal requirements that an employer must follow within areas such as minimum wage, statutory holidays, vacation and leaves, notice of termination and severance pay and many more.

What is equal pay for equal work

• Equal pay for equal work applies when there is “equal work” meaning the employees perform substantially the same kind of work in the same establishment, the work requires substantially the same skill, effort and responsibility and is performed under similar working conditions. All of these conditions must be met for equal pay for equal work to be required. 

• “Substantially the same kind of work” means the work does not have to be exactly the same. What matters is the actual work performed by the employees, not the stated conditions of their job offer or their job description.

What is the charter of rights and freedom

• Federal law enacted in 1982 that guarantees fundamental freedoms to all Canadians. 

• basic rights for all Canadians

• Supersedes all other laws

Whom does the human rights legislation affect

all human beings, regardless of race, sex, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or any other status.(every province has their own)

All jurisdictions prohibit discrimination on the grounds of…

in employment situations and in the delivery of goods and services

What is employment equity

• based on Charter of Rights and Freedoms

• applies to federally regulated employers only

• promotes equality, removes employment barriers

• four designated groups: women, visible minorities, persons with disabilities, Aboriginal peoples

What is intentional/direct discrimination

Except in specific circumstances known as bona fide occupational requirement (that will be described later), intentional discrimination is prohibited. An employer cannot discriminate directly by deliberately refusing to hire, train, or promote an individual

What is systematic discrimination

Discrimination that is embedded in policies and practices that appear neutral on the surface and are implemented impartially, but have an adverse impact on specific groups of people for reasons that are not job related or required for the safe and efficient operation of the business. 

What is BFOR(Bona fide Occupational Requirement

A justifiable reason for discrimination based on business necessity (that is, the discrimination is required for the safe and efficient operation of the organization) or a requirement that can be clearly defended as intrinsically required by the tasks an employee is expected to perform. 

What is Harassment

Unwelcome behaviour that demeans, humiliates, or embarrasses a person and that a reasonable person should have known would be unwelcome. 

Define Organizational Structure

the formal relationships among jobs in an organization (should be appropriate given strategic goals)

Organization chart refers to

A “snapshot” of the firm, depicting the organization’s structure in chart form at a particular point in time. 

What is job design

The process of improving organizational efficiency and employee satisfaction through technological and human considerations. 

What is a position

(individual in a job): The collection of tasks/responsibilities performed by one person

What is a job

(something you do, what you must do a fulfill your job): A group of related activities/duties for one or more employees

What is industrial engineering

A field of study concerned with analyzing work methods; making work cycles more efficient by modifying, combining, rearranging, or eliminating tasks; and establishing time standards. 

What is job enrichment

(vertical  loading) Any effort that makes an employee’s job more rewarding or satisfying by adding more meaningful tasks and duties. 

What is job enlargement

A technique to relieve monotony and boredom that involves assigning workers additional tasks at the same level of responsibility to increase the number of tasks they have to perform. 

What is ergonomics

An interdisciplinary approach that seeks to integrate and accommodate the physical needs of workers into the design of jobs. It aims to adapt the entire job system—the work, environment, machines, equipment, and processes—to match human characteristics.

What is job analysis

the process of gathering and analyzing information about the content and the human requirements of jobs, as well as, the context in which jobs are performed. 

What are the steps in job analysis

Step 6: Communicate and update information as needed
Step 5: Write job descriptions and job specifications
Step 4: Verify/modify data if required
Step 3: Collect data on job activities 
Step 2: Select jobs to be analyzed
Step 1: Review relevant background information

What is a job description

A list of the duties, responsibilities, reporting relationships, and working conditions of a job—one product of a job analysis. 

What is a job specification

A list of the “human capital requirements,” that is, the requisite knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to perform the job—another product of a job analysis. 

Collecting job analysis data involves whom

Job analysis information can be obtained from individual workers, groups, supervisors, observers, and, on occasion, subject matter experts. Interviews, observations, or questionnaires can be used.

What is the human resource planning

the process of forecasting future human resources requirements to ensure that the organization will have the required number of employees, at the right time, with the necessary skills, knowledge, and abilities to meet its strategic objectives. 

What are the solutions for labour demand exceeding supply

modifications to their attraction and recruitment strategies, including the labour pools they tap into and the incentives they offer to retain workers. 

What are the solutions for when labour supply exceeds demand

reduce the workforce due to oversupply, or increase the workforce in response to labour shortages.

How does effective HRP help an organization

Effective HRP helps an organization achieve its strategic goals and objectives by forecasting the supply of, and demand for, employees under changing conditions. Those responsible for HR planning, at a very fundamental level, oversee a series of related processes that predict the flow of necessary human capital in, through, and out of the organization. 

Inadequate HR planning results in what?

unstaffed positions affect productivity and quality customer service. It may also negatively affect an organization’s financial performance due to severance pay owed to large numbers of employees who have received termination notices. It can also create situations in which one depart- ment is laying off employees while another is hiring individuals with similar skills, which can reduce morale or productivity and can often increase turnover. The greater concern is that ineffective HRP can lead to an organization’s inability to accomplish short-term operational plans or long-range strategic objectives. 

What are the external environment factors most frequently monitored

Economic conditions, market and competitive trends, New or revised laws and the decisions of courts and quasi-judicial bodies, Social concerns such as health care, child care, and educational priorities, Technological changes affecting processes, products, and people

What are the steps in HR planning

What does unemployment rate mean

measures unemployment and is expressed as a percentage of the total labour force, which is the total number of people who are 15 years of age and over who are either employed or unemployed.

What are the drawbacks of attrition

1. attrition The normal separation of employees from an organization because of resignation, retirement, or death.

2. Some organizations attempt to accelerate attrition by offering incentives to employees to leave, such as early retirement or buyout programs. 

3. Drawbacks: buyouts/ early retirement programs require lots of money up front, and early retirement must be entirely voluntary