Intermolecular Interactions and Physical Properties

Flashcards covering key concepts related to intermolecular interactions and their influence on physical properties.

Dipole-Dipole Forces

Intermolecular forces that occur between polar molecules due to the attraction of oppositely charged ends.

Dispersion Forces (London Forces)

Weak intermolecular forces arising from temporary dipoles that occur in nonpolar molecules.

Polarizability

The ability of a molecule to form temporary dipoles due to the distortion of its electron cloud.

Hydrogen Bonding

A strong type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs when hydrogen is bonded to a highly electronegative atom like O, N, or F.

Boiling Point

The temperature at which a liquid's vapor pressure equals the external pressure.

Heat of Vaporization

The heat required to convert a unit mass of a liquid into vapor without a change in temperature.

Constitutional Isomers

Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas.

Molar Mass

The mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol).

Intermolecular Interaction

Forces of attraction or repulsion between neighboring particles (atoms, molecules, or ions).

Transient Dipoles

Temporary dipoles that occur in nonpolar molecules due to the constant motion of electrons.