Unit 11 - Quiz 2 - Fabric of A Nation - Modules 8-3 and 8-4

Levittown

New York suburb where postwar builders pioneered the techniques of mass home construction

Betty Friedan

1921-2006. American feminist, activist and writer. Best known for starting the "Second Wave" of feminism through the writing of her book "The Feminine Mystique".

Rock 'n' Roll

Rock and roll is a genre of popular music that evolved in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s

On the Road

On the Road is a 1957 novel by American writer Jack Kerouac, based on the travels of Kerouac and his friends across the United States.

Nikita Khrushchev

A Soviet leader during the Cuban Missile Crisis. Also famous for denouncing Stalin and allowed criticism of Stalin within Russia.

NASA

an independent agency of the United States government responsible for aviation and spaceflight

Domino Theory

A theory that if one nation comes under Communist control, then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control.

Ngo Dinh Diem

South Vietnamese president that was catholic and strongly opposed communism. His poor leadership and corrupt government spelled doom

Election of 1960

Kennedy vs. Nixon, Kennedy (due to televised charisma) won over Nixon (pale and nervous)

Fidel Castro

Cuban socialist leader who overthrew a dictator in 1959 and established a Marxist socialist state in Cuba (born in 1927)

Massive Retaliation

The "new look" defense policy of the Eisenhower administration of the 1950's was to threaten "massive retaliation" with nuclear weapons in response to any act of aggression by a potential enemy.

Federal Highway Act

Appropriating $25 billion for the construction of interstate highways over a 20-year period, it was the largest public works project in American history to that point.

The Feminine Mystique

written by Betty Friedan, journalist and mother of three children; described the problems of middle-class American women and the fact that women were being denied equality with men; said that women were kept from reaching their full human capacities

The Beats

specific locations where news frequently occurs.

Allen Ginsberg

A leading member of the Beat movement whose writings featured existential mania for intense experience and frantic motion.

U-2 Incident

The incident when an American U-2 spy plane was shot down over the Soviet Union. The U.S. denied the true purpose of the plane at first, but was forced to when the U.S.S.R. produced the living pilot and the largely intact plane to validate their claim of being spied on aerially. The incident worsened East-West relations during the Cold War and was a great embarrassment for the United States.

Shah of Iran

Great friend of the US for two and a half decades but Iranians want to nationalize their oil and improve economy, sparks Iranian Revolution and Shah is overthrown (1979)

Geneva Accords

The Geneva Accords were the agreements on the settlement of the situation relating to Afghanistan,

Military-industrial complex

Eisenhower first coined this phrase when he warned American against it in his last State of the Union Address. He feared that the combined lobbying efforts of the armed services and industries that contracted with the military would lead to excessive Congressional spending.

New Frontier

The campaign program advocated by JFK in the 1960 election. He promised to revitalize the stagnant economy and enact reform legislation in education, health care, and civil rights.

Bay of Pigs

In April 1961, a group of Cuban exiles organized and supported by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency landed on the southern coast of Cuba in an effort to overthrow Fidel Castro. When the invasion ended in disaster, President Kennedy took full responsibility for the failure.

Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

Agreement between the US, Soviet Union, and Great Britain to end the testing of nuclear bombs in the atmosphere or underwater

Suburban Domesticity

the image and resulting idea that women's path to happiness and fulfillment was through the role of a housewife

Jonas Salk

Developed the polio vaccine in 1952

Jack Kerouac

A key author of the Beat movement whose best selling novel, On the Road helped define the movement with it's featured frenzied prose and plotless ramblings.

John Foster Dulles

As Secretary of State. he viewed the struggle against Communism as a classic conflict between good and evil. Believed in containment and the Eisenhower doctrine.

Sputnik

First artificial Earth satellite, it was launched by Moscow in 1957 and sparked U.S. fears of Soviet dominance in technology and outer space. It led to the creation of NASA and the space race.

Suez Crisis (1956)

military attack on Egypt by Britain, France, and Israel beginning on 29 October 1956. The attack followed Egypt's decision of 26 July 1956 to nationalize the Suez Canal after the withdrawal of an offer by Britain and the United States to fund the building of the Aswan Dam

Ho Chi Minh

Communist leader of North Vietnam

John F. Kennedy

President of the US during the Bay of Pigs Invasion and the Cuban Missile Crisis

Peace Corps

(JFK) , volunteers who help third world nations and prevent the spread of communism by getting rid of poverty, Africa, Asia, and Latin America

Cuban Missile Crisis

The 1962 confrontation bewteen US and the Soviet Union over Soviet missiles in Cuba.

Lyndon B. Johnson

36th U.S. President. 1963-1969. Democratic

Military-Industrial Complex

The expression military–industrial complex (MIC) describes the relationship between a country's military and the defense industry that supplies it