Unit 2: #1 Genetics: DNA Structure

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4 Terms

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DNA Structure

  • DNA consists of two antiparallel strands of nucleotides 

  • Parallel strands run opposite directions 

  • In a double helix, the 5’ end of one strand aligns with the 3’ strand of the other strand

<ul><li><p><span>DNA consists of two antiparallel strands of nucleotides&nbsp;</span></p></li><li><p><span>Parallel strands run opposite directions&nbsp;</span></p></li><li><p><span>In a double helix, the 5’ end of one strand aligns with the 3’ strand of the other strand</span></p></li></ul><p></p>
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Packing of Eukaryotic DNA

  • DNA is wound around proteins called histones 

    • Histones are positively charged which attract the negatively charged DNA 

  • DNA strands wrap around a cluster of 8 histones creating a unit called nucleosome

    • Stretches of DNA called linkers will connect nucleosomes

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Slenoid

  • A group of 6 nucleosomes coiled into cylindrical fibers 

  • Further reducing the volume of DNA

  • Solenoids act as strong storage units for non-coding sequences of DNA to protect it from potential damage

  • DNA during interphase in form of nucleosomes or solenoids

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