Microbiology: Other Gram Negative Bacteria

studied byStudied by 0 people
0.0(0)
learn
LearnA personalized and smart learning plan
exam
Practice TestTake a test on your terms and definitions
spaced repetition
Spaced RepetitionScientifically backed study method
heart puzzle
Matching GameHow quick can you match all your cards?
flashcards
FlashcardsStudy terms and definitions

1 / 58

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.

59 Terms

1

Enterobacterales coli characteristics

rods

facultative anaerobes

oxidase negative

glucose and lactose fermentation

New cards
2

Enterobacterales coli virulence factors

Structural antigens:

O - found on polysaccharide of LPS

H - found on flagella

K - polysaccharides of capsules

New cards
3

UPEC clinical significance

most common cause of UTI

New cards
4

UPEC antibiotics

nitrofurantoin

New cards
5

ETEC virulence factors

heat-stable (ST) and heat-labile (LT) toxins

ST increase cAMP

New cards
6

ETEC clinical significance

traveler’s diarrhea

transmitted via fecal-oral route

New cards
7

EPEC virulence factors

pedestal development

New cards
8

EPEC clinical significance

watery diarrhea in infants

non-invasive infection

comes from poor sanitation

New cards
9

EHEC virulence factors

Shiga-like toxins 1 or 2

most common serotype is O157:H7

New cards
10

EHEC clinical significance

hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)

can cause thrombocytopenia in children ages 5-10

New cards
11

EHEC antibiotics

not recommended

New cards
12

Salmonella virulence factors

produce H2S

invasion on M cells

intracellular pathogen - evasion of phagocytosis

New cards
13

Salmonella clinical significance

gastroenteritis

enteric or typhoid fever

Typhi and Typhimurium most common serotypes

associated with eggs, poultry, and turtles

chronic carriers - typhi in gallbladder

New cards
14

Salmonella antibiotics

ceftriaxone

ciprofloxacin

New cards
15

Shigella characterisitcs

rods

humans only host

highly infectious

New cards
16

Shigella virulence factors

Shiga toxins

transmitted via fecal-oral route

New cards
17

Shigella clinical significance

shingellosis

invasion/destruction of intestines

bloody diarrhea

HUS with S. dysenteriae

New cards
18

Shigella antibiotics

ceftriaxone

ciprofloxacin

azithromycin

New cards
19

Klebsiella clinical significance

bacteremia

UTI

hospital patients

multi-drug resistant

New cards
20

Klebsiella antibiotics

3rd and 4th generation cephalosporin

New cards
21

Serratia clinical significance

lower respiratory infections

UTI

hospital patients

multi-drug resistant

New cards
22

Campylobacter jejuni characteristics

curved, spiral, or s-shape

darting motility

microaerophilic

New cards
23

Campylobacter jejuni virulence factors

cytotoxin

enterotoxin - related to cholera toxin

New cards
24

Campylobacter jejuni clinical significance

acute enteritis

from wild and domestic animals

transmitted via fecal-oral route

from contaminated meat or water

New cards
25

Campylobacter jejuni antibiotics

azithromycin

New cards
26

Vibrio cholerae virulence factors

AB toxin - cholera toxin that activates Gs protein and elevates cAMP

New cards
27

Vibrio cholerae clinical significance

rice water stool

from consumption of raw or undercooked seafood

from contaminated water

New cards
28

Vibrio cholerae antibiotics

doxycycline

New cards
29

Vibrio vulnificus clinical significance

soft tissue infections

necrotizing fasciitis

from seafood and cuts

New cards
30

Helicobacter pylori characteristics

corkscrew

rapid motility

microaerophilic

New cards
31

Helicobacter pylori virulence factors

urease - neutralize stomach acids

cytotoxin - destruction of mucus-producing cells

New cards
32

Helicobacter pylori clinical significance

acute gastritis

duodenal and gastric ulcers

gastric carcinoma and B-cell lymphoma

New cards
33

Helicobacter pylori antibiotics

metronidazole

tetracycline

New cards
34

Haemophilus influenzae virulence factors

capsule - antiphagocytic

requires factor X and V for growth

New cards
35

Haemophilus influenzae clnical significance

bacterial meningitis in children

neurological sequelae

type b (Hib) - serious invasive disease

Humans only natural host

transmitted via respiratory droplets

New cards
36

Haemophilus influenzae treatment

vaccine

3rd gen cephalosporin

New cards
37

Bordtella pertussis characteristics

coccobacilli

single or pairs

New cards
38

Bordetella pertussis virulence factors

pertussis toxin - AB toxin

catarrhal phase - highly contagious

paroxysmal phase - whooping cough

New cards
39

Bordetella pertussis clinical significance

whooping cough

mild cases in adults

unvaccinated children

New cards
40

Bordetella pertussis treatment

vaccine

azithromycin

New cards
41

Legionella pneumophila characteristics

rods

facultative intracellular parasite

New cards
42

Legionella pneumophila virulence factor

prevents phagolysosomal fusion

New cards
43

Legionella pneumophila clinical significance

Legionnaires disease

pontiac fever

atypical cause of CA-pneumonia

New cards
44

Legionella pneumophila antibiotics

azithromycin

New cards
45

Pseudomonas aeruginosa characteristics

rods

oxidase positive

nonfermentors

facultative anaerobe

New cards
46

Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence factors

various secretion systems

various toxins

pili

capsule

New cards
47

Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical significance

green/blue pigment

grape juice and tortilla chip odor

localized infections

systemic infections

biofilms

cystic fibrosis pts high risk

New cards
48

Pseudomonas aeruginosa antibiotics

pipercillin/tazobactam

New cards
49

Moraxella catarrhalis clinical significance

infections: respiratory, middle ear, CNS, joints

New cards
50

Moraxella catarrhalis antibiotics

amoxicillin clavulanate

New cards
51

Acinetobacter baumanii clinical significance

HA - pneumonia

infections - blood and wounds

UTI

New cards
52

Acinetobacter baumanii antibiotics

beta-lactams

carbapenems

New cards
53

Treponema pallidum characteristics

spirochete

endoflagella

required cells for culture

does not contain LPS

New cards
54

Treponema pallidum virulence factors

antigenic variation of surface proteins - immune evasion

hyaluronidase - dissemination

New cards
55

Treponema pallidum clinical significance

syphilis - chancres, rash, and CNS degeneration

congenital syphilis

New cards
56

Treponema antibiotics

penicillin IV

New cards
57

Borrelia burgdorferi clinical significance

lyme disease - rash that progresses to chronic arthritis and CNS disease

New cards
58

Borrelia burgdorferi characteristics

spirochete

endoflagella

require cells for culture

no LPS

New cards
59

Borrelia burgdorferi antibiotics

doxycycline

New cards
robot