COMP110

int

whole number (no decimals)

float

number with decimals

str

text in quotes

bool

True or False

type()

function that tells you the type of a value

expression

code that evaluates to a value

evaluation

the process of computing a value

order of operations

()

concatenation

combining strings using +

repetition

repeating a string using * with an int

indexing

accessing a character using position starting at 0

index 0

first element in a sequence

len()

returns the length of a string or list

type conversion

changing a value from one type to another

int()

converts to integer (cuts off decimals)

float()

converts to decimal number

str()

converts to string

TypeError

error when operation is used on wrong types

function

reusable block of code that takes input and returns output

function definition

creating a function using def

function call

using a function with arguments

parameter

variable in function definition

argument

actual value passed into function

return

sends a value back and ends the function

None

default return value when no return is given

boolean expression

expression that evaluates to True or False

and

True only if both sides are True

or

True if at least one side is True

not

reverses True/False

conditional

if/else statement controlling flow

if

runs code when condition is True

else

runs code when condition is False

elif

checks another condition if previous is False

loop

repeats code multiple times

for loop

iterates over a sequence

range()

generates a sequence of numbers

while loop

repeats while condition is True

list

ordered collection of values

list indexing

accessing elements using positions

append()

adds item to end of list

list length

number of items in a list

dictionary

collection of key-value pairs

key

unique identifier in a dictionary

value

data associated with a key

accessing dict

using dict[key] to get value

updating dict

assigning new value to a key

deleting dict

removing a key-value pair with del

scope

where a variable is accessible

local variable

variable inside a function

global variable

variable outside all functions

scope error

trying to use a variable outside its scope

f-string

string with embedded expressions using {}

recursion

function calling itself

base case

condition that stops recursion

recursive case

part that calls function again

class

blueprint for creating objects

object

instance of a class

attribute

variable inside an object

method

function inside a class

self

reference to the current object

constructor

init method that initializes attribute