Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder - DMDD

What is Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD) ?

DMDD is characterized by severe recurrent temper outbursts grossly out of proportion to the situation, along with persistently irritable or angry mood

How are temper outbursts manifested in DMDD ?

Temper outbursts in DMDD are manifested verbally (e.g., verbal rages) and/or behaviorally (e.g., physical aggression) and occur three or more times per week.

What is the duration criterion for DMDD ?

Criteria A-D of DMDD must be present for 12 or more months without a period lasting 3 or more consecutive months without symptoms

How is DMDD diagnosed across different settings ?

DMDD diagnosis requires criteria to be present in at least two of three settings (home, school, peers) and severe in at least one of these settings

What is the age range for DMDD diagnosis ?

DMDD should not be diagnosed before age 6 or after age 18, and the age at onset of symptoms should be before 10 years

What are the risk factors for developing DMDD ?

Risk factors include ADHD, anxiety disorders, major depressive disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, family history of depression, early trauma, impulsivity, and psychological abuse or neglect

What is the prevalence of DMDD among children in pediatric mental health clinics ?

DMDD affects 2-5% of children in these clinics, with higher rates in young males

How many children are estimated to have DMDD globally ?

Approximately 34.8 million children are estimated to have DMDD worldwide

How many cases of depression could potentially be reduced by addressing DMDD ?

Addressing DMDD could reduce 44% of the 21 million depression cases among children

What are some common symptoms of DMDD ?

Common symptoms include severe recurrent temper outbursts, persistently irritable or angry mood, and inconsistencies with developmental level

What other mental disorders should be ruled out before diagnosing DMDD ?

DMDD should not be diagnosed if the behaviors are exclusively during major depressive episodes or can be better explained by another mental disorder

How often should temper outbursts occur in DMDD ?

Temper outbursts should occur three or more times per week for a DMDD diagnosis

What role does family history play in DMDD ?

Children with a family history of depression are at a higher risk of developing DMDD

How does early trauma contribute to the risk of DMDD ?

Early trauma is a risk factor for DMDD and increases the likelihood of developing the disorder

What is the significance of impulsivity in DMDD ?

Impulsivity is a risk factor for DMDD and can contribute to the severity of temper outbursts and mood dysregulation