Context and Audience Vocabulary

Flashcards covering the definitions of context, language, tone types, and communicative elements based on the lecture notes.

Context

The entire situation in which communication occurs, including the physical setting, the relationship between participants, and the broader social and cultural atmosphere.

Language (Chater & Manning, 2006; Kravchenko, 2007)

A mental system that establishes relationships and rules governing linguistic elements at the phonological, morphological, and syntactic levels.

Language (Chaika, 1974)

A system of meaningful and articulating sound symbols produced by speech tools that is arbitrary and conventional, used as a means of communication by a group of people to produce feelings and thoughts.

Tone

The speaker's or writer's attitude toward the subject or the audience, which shapes how a message is received.

Language Purpose

The intentional selection of words to achieve a specific emotional or intellectual effect on the listener or reader, reflecting the speaker's stance.

Emotional Reciprocity

Responding to the emotions of others in a way that builds mutual respect by acknowledging the listener's position rather than just asserting one's own needs.

Content

The literal, explicit words being used, representing the dictionary or surface-level definition.

Intent

The underlying purpose, motive, or emotional goal of the speaker; what the speaker actually wants to accomplish.

Formal Tone

A tone described as serious, professional, and respectful, used in contexts like academic papers or business reports.

Informal Tone

A tone described as casual and conversational, used in text messages or friendly emails.

Assertive Tone

A tone described as confident, clear, and direct, used in leadership communication or business meetings.

Empathetic Tone

A tone describing understanding, compassion, and sensitivity toward another person's feelings or experiences.

Critical Tone

A tone that evaluates, analyzes, or questions ideas, actions, or arguments, such as in research discussions or literature reviews.