Oral Cavity & Paraoral Cavity

Mucosa

covering the oral cavity

gingiva

paler in color

mucobuccal fold

from the junction of the alveolar mucosa to the mucosa of the cheeks and lips

vestibular fornix

space between the junction of the Mucobuccal fold

lingual sulcus

linear depression

parotid papilla

found higher in the occlussal plate, roughly across the maxillary molars

labial frenum

attaches the lips to the attached gingiva of the anterior teeth

buccal frenum

attaches the cheek to the attached gingiva of the posterior teeth

incisive papilla

swelling in between incisors (landmark for the midline)

sulcus

linear depression

fossa

pabilog na depression

raphe

linear but elevated depression

dorsal

surface of the mouth

ventral

floor of the mouth

median palatine (palatal) raphe

center

palatine (palatal) rugae

ridges situated in the anterior part of the palatal mucosa: helps with pronunciation

maxillary tuberosity

swelling/prominence distal or posteriror to the last

hamular notch

depression posterior at the back of the maxillary tuberosity

pterygoid hamulus

hook-shaped bony process located bilaterally on each medial pterygoid of the sphenoid bone, posterior and medial to each maxillary tuberosity

fovea palatine

small depressions found in the back portion of the palate

vibrating line

there’s no actual line

palatine uvula

flap of soft tissue that hangs down at the back of the throat

Palatoglossal arch (anterior pillar of the fauces)

curves downward and forward from the soft palate to the tongue

palatopharyngeal arch (posterior pillar of the fauces)

larger and projects farther toward the middle line than the palatoglossal arch

pterygomandibular raphe

from pterygoid (mandibular)

retromolar pad

last mandibular arch

retromolar papilla

covers some part of the molar

lingual frenum

a strips of tissue which connects the undersurface of the tongue with the floor of the mouth

fimbriated fold (plica fimbriata)

a slight fold of mucous membrane on each side of the tongue lateral to the lingual frenum

sublingual folds

opening of the sublingual ducts

sublingual papilla (caruncle)

a pair of papillae at the center between the right and left sublingual folds.

sublingual sulcus

a valley shaped space between the tongue and teeth

mylohyoid muscles

forms the floor of the mouth

retromylohyoid curtain

forms the distal end of the alveololingual sulcus

deglutition

act of swallowing

buccal phase

occurs voluntarily in the mouth when the tongue forces the bolus of food back in the oropharynx

pharyngeal phase

when food enters the oropharynx as follows:
tongue elevates in the palate

Esophageal phase

occurs involuntarily in the esophagus

digestion

the physical digestion of food involves mastication and lubrication

• breaking down food for the body to utilize its components

Taste

dorsum of the tongue possess majority of the lingual papillae on various forms: some are found in the palate
- sweets, sour, salty, bitter, savory

Speech

Lips, teeth, tongue, hard and soft palate play a role in pronunciation of consonant

protection

tonsillar ring includes the phagocytic activity of macrophages against harmful bacteria and foreign bodies

ingestion

engulfing or taking in foods;lips and teeth in particular

respiratory

oral activity is an adjunct to the respiratory system

mastication

process of biting, cutting, crushing and grinding of foods by the teeth with aid lips, cheeks, tongue and the palate.

Labial tubercle

small rounded nodule of tissue in the center of the lowest part of the upper lip

philtrum

depression running from the tubercle to the tonsils

nasolabial groove

groove running diagonally downward of the nostrils towards the corner of the lip

labial commissure

corner of the mouth: upper lips and lower lips meets

wet line

facial landmarks between the keratinized and non-keratinzed part of the lips

mentolabial sulcus (labiomental groove)

depression that separates the lip from the chin

Paratid papilla

round elevation of tissue between 1st and 2nd upper molars or just above the occlusal plane

linea alba buccalis

white line running posteriorly on each side at the level where the upper and lower teeth come together

buccal pad of fat se

separates the buccinator muscles from the ramus of the mandible and masseter muscles

fordyce spots

yellow spots seen on the buccal mucosa just posterior to the corner of the mouth (doesnt need treatment)

tongue

rest in the floor of the mouth within the curvature of the body of the mandible

dorsum

covered by different papillae, filiform, fungiform, foliate, circumvallate papillae

filiform

no taste

fungiform

sour

foliate

four and acidic

circumvallate

bitter taste

foramen cecum

small circular opening immediately posterior to the circumvallate papillae

terminal sulcus

shallow groove running laterally and on the other side of the foramen cecum