Chapter 2: The Constitution
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58 Terms
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Unalienable
A basic right that is based on nature
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Articles of Confederation
A constitution created during the Revolutionary War that failed
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Constitutional Convention
A meeting in 1787 that made a new constitution
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House of Representatives
________ has representation based on population.
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Shays’s Rebellion
Soldiers tried to prevent foreclosures of farms from high interest and tax rates through a rebellion
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Virginia Plan
Strong national government, with representation proportional to population
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New Jersey Plan
Weak national government, with representation the same for all states. Amendment to the Articles
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The Great Compromise
Two chambers, one that suffices each plan (proportional and equivalent representation)
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Representation
________ is the same for all states.
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Jefferson
________ tried to get a clause opposing the slave trade in the Declaration of Independece.
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Republic
Elected representatives, who represent the population, make decisions
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Judicial Review
The Supreme Court can declare laws as unconstitutional
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There were two main plans that the delegates debated over about representation
the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan
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Shayss Rebellion
1787 Revolutionary War veterans feared losing their property to tax collectors
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Issue
how to have a government strong enough to preserve order but not so strong that it would threaten liberty
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Aristotle
Democracy can decay into an oligarchy or tyranny
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John Locke
People exist in a state of nature, but desire for self-preservation of liberties will want them to have a government that will protect their liberties
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Thomas Hobbes
Absolute, supreme leader needed
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No Bill of Rights included in the Constitution
even the Antifederalists wanted it, why
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Greatest Compromise
slaves were deemed as ⅗ of other people, and they would be added to the number of free people to make up the population for representation in the House
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Unalienable
A basic right that is based on nature
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Articles of Confederation
a constitution created during the Revolutionary War that failed
23
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Constitutional Convention
the convention of United States statesmen who drafted the United States Constitution in 1787
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Shays’s Rebellion
soldiers tried to prevent foreclosures of farms from high interest and tax rates through a rebellion
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Virginia Plan
Strong national government, with representation proportional to population
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New Jersey Plan
Weak national government, with representation the same for all states. Amendment to the Articles.
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The Great Compromise
two chambers, one that suffices both the Virginia and New Jersey Plan (proportional and equivalent representation)
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Republic
Elected representatives, who represent the population, make decisions
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Judicial Review
The power for the Supreme Court to declare laws as unconstitutional
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Federalism
Distribution of government power in the national and state level
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Enumerated
Powers exclusively for the national government
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Reserved
Powers exclusively for the state governments
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Concurrent
Powers shared by both the national and state governments
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Checks and Balances
Power split between the three branches, each of the branches can check the power of the others in order to create balance
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Separation of Powers
authority shared by the three branches
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Faction
A group with specific political interest
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Federalists
Proponents of the Constitution and a strong national government
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Anti-federalists
Opponents of the Constitution and favor a weak national government
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Coalition
alliance of groups
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Habeas Corpus
Order to bring an arrested person in front of a judge
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Bill of Attainder
Declaring a person without a trial to be guilty is a crime
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Ex post facto law
Makes an action criminal, even though the action was legal when it was committed
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Bill of Rights
First 10 amendments in the Constitution
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Line-item Veto
An executive veto where you can block a particular part in a bill
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Federalism
Distribution of government power in the national and state level
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Enumerated
Powers exclusively for the national government
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Reserved
Powers exclusively for the state governments
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Concurrent
Powers shared by both the national and state governments
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Checks and Balances
Power split between the three branches, each of the branches can check the power of the others in order to create balance
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Separation of Powers
Authority shared by the three branches
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Faction
A group with specific political interest
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Federalists
Proponents of the Constitution and a strong national government
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Antifederalists
Opponents of the Constitution and favor a weak national government
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Coalition
Alliance of groups
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Habeas Corpus
Order to bring an arrested person in front of a judge
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Bill of Attainder
Declaring a person without a trial to be guilty is a crime
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Ex post facto law
Makes an action criminal, even though the action was legal when it was committed
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Bill of Rights
First 10 amendments in the Constitution
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