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Vocabulary-style flashcards covering terms, texts, authors, dynasties, and key concepts from the provided notes.
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Satapatha Brahmana
Brahmana text (commentary on Sukla Yajurveda) that refers to expansion of Aryans toward the eastern Gangetic Plains.
Aitareya Brahmana
Rig Veda prose text; noted in the notes as describing women as a source of misery.
Visa
Vedic concept of election of a chief by tribes; mentioned in the Atharva Veda.
Upavedas
Applied knowledge texts; subjects include Dhanurveda (warcraft), Gandharvaveda (music), Ayurveda (medicine), Silpa-veda (crafts).
Mundaka Upanishad
Upanishad from which the phrase Satyamev Jayate is traditionally drawn.
Anguttara Nikaya
Buddhist scripture; includes lists of 16 Mahajanapadas.
Bhagwati Sutra
Jain text that lists 16 Mahajanapadas.
Ashtadhyayi
Panini’s grammar; notes mention it in connection with a list of 22 Mahajanapadas.
Swapanavassavdattam (Swapnavāsavardhāttam)
Play by Bhasa about King Udayana and Avanti Princess Vasavadatta; set near Ujjain.
Urubhanga
Sanskrit drama by Bhasa depicting the story of Duryodhana during/after his fight with Bhima.
Ahananuru
Tamil Sangam poem by Mamulanar; mentions the enormous wealth of the Nandas.
R. Shama Shastrai
Scholar credited with discovering the Arthashastra manuscript in 1904.
Arthashastra (three parts)
Three-part work: 1) King/counsel & government departments; 2) Civil/Criminal Law; 3) Diplomacy & War.
Dipavamsa
Ceylonese chronicle; sheds light on Ashoka’s spread of Buddhism in Sri Lanka.
Mahavamsa
Ceylonese chronicle (Pali); recounts Buddha’s travels to Sri Lanka and kings of Ceylon.
Parishistparvan
Section (Parva) of the Mahabharata associated with Hemchandra; notes Chandragupta Maurya’s Jainism conversion.
Mahavibhasika Shastra
Mahayana Buddhist text compiled around 150 CE by Vasumitra.
Gathasaptasati (Sattasai)
700 Prakrit verses by Hala (7th-? century Shatavahana era); erotic elements; multiple female poets contributed.
Hala
Poet who authored 44 of the 700 verses in Gathasaptasati.
Pahi, Mahavi, Sasippaha, Roha, Reva
Female poets who contributed to the Gathasaptasati (as per the notes).
Milindapanha
Milinda’s Questions; Buddhist dialogue with Nagasena; court scholars include Vasumitra, Ashvagosa, Nagarjuna.
Vasumitra
Court scholar of Kanishka; associated with Milindapanha and Buddhist scholarship.
Ashvaghosha
First dramatist to use Sanskrit in plays; author of Buddhacharita.
Saka Era
Era begun under Kanishka (circa 78 CE).
Buddhacharita
Sanskrit drama by Ashvaghosha about the life of Buddha.
Pandyas
Dynasty that patronised Sangam literature.
Tamilakam
Ancient name for the land of Tamil Nadu.
Muchchangam
Location of the 1st Sangam; capital Madurai; no surviving works from this Sangam.
Kapadapuram (Kapadpuram)
Location of the 2nd Sangam; most works lost except Tolkkapiam (Tolkappiyam).
Mudathimaran
Organizer of the 3rd Sangam at Madurai.
Tolkappiyam
Work on Tamil grammar; also provides socio-economic context.
Ettutogai (Ettuthokai)
Eight Sangam anthologies (Aingurunuru, Narrinai, Agananuru, Purananuru, Kuruntokai, Kalittogai, Paripadal, Padiruppattu).
Pattinappalai
Tamil Sangam poem (CHOLA-Karikala period) describing customs at Port Puḥar.
Pattuppattu
Ten Tamil idylls; part of Sangam literature; includes Thirumurugarruppadai, Porunarruppadai, Sirupanarruppadai, Mullaippattu, Nedunalvadai, Maduraikanji, Kurinjipattu, Padiruppatu and others.
Avvaiyar
Famous female saint-poet of Sangam literature.
Silappathikaram
One of the two major Tamil epics; by Ilango Adigal; tale of Kovalan and Madhavi.
Manimekalai
Second major Tamil epic by Sitalai Sattanar; sequel to Silapathikaram.
Deepavamsa
Pali text; describes Buddha’s visit to Sri Lanka and related events; part of Sri Lankan Buddhist literature.
Mahavamsa (Sri Lanka)
Pali epic/history of Sri Lanka; chronicles Buddhist kings and events.
Padiruppatu
One of the Pattuppattu works; details Chera Rule.
Padiyinap Paank?
(Note: included as Padiruppatu info on Chera rule; see Pattuppattu section.)
Avvaiyar
Famous female saint of Sangam literature.
Maduraikanji
Tamil work by Mangudi Maruthanar; reports Pandya Rule.
Kurinjippattu
One of the Pattuppattu works describing land and nature; part of the Pattuppattu collection.
Pandu?
(Note: content related to Pandya rule in Pattuppattu section.)
Aham and Puram
Two thematic groups in Pathinenkilkanakku: Aham (Love) and Puram (Valour/ethical life).
Malaipadukadam
Aham–Puram collection; part of Pathinenkilkanakku; includes Tirukkural.
Pathinenmelkanakku
The 18 major Tamil works; includes both Aham and Puram sections.
Tirukkural
Didactic Tamil work by Thiruvalluvar; part of Pathinenkilkanakku; ethics and morality.
Kavirajamarga
First literary work in Kannada; court treatise by King/ poet; describes Kannada literary tradition.
Merutunga, Prabandhchintamani
Merutunga: 14th-15th C. Jain scholar; wrote Prabandhachintamani (Chand) describing history.
Hammira Mahakavya
Sanskrit epic by Nayachandra Suri (14th–15th c.) about Hammira of the Chauhans.
Jain literature in Sanskrit
Several Jain scholars wrote in Sanskrit; prominent figures include Siddha, Jinasena, Shantinatha Charita.
Tattvartha-sutra
Jain text on logic, epistemology, ethics and astronomy by Umaswati; accepted by Digambaras and Śvetāmbaras.
Ain-i-Akbar
Official court chronicle of Akbar’s reign; translated into Persian; related to Akbar’s era.
Abul Fazl (Ain-i-Akbarī)
Court historian at Akbar’s court; author of Akbarnama and related works.
Akbarnama
Formal chronicle of Akbar’s reign by Abul Fazl.
Tarikh-i-Firoz-shahi
Court history by Zia-ud-din Barani? (Note mentions historians in Delhi Sultanate era; referenced works include Tarikh-i-Firoz-Shahi and Minhaj-i-Siraj.)
Isami, Barani, Ibn Batuta
Contemporary writers in the Delhi Sultanate era; historians and travelers.
Firuz Tughlaq
Delhi Sultan who collected Sanskrit manuscripts and promoted translations into Persian.
Tutunama
Book of the Parrot; translated into Turkish and other languages from Persian/Arabic traditions.
Ziyauddin Nakshabi
Role in translations of Sanskrit stories into Persian.
Amir Khusro
Court poet in Delhi; prolific Persian poet; composed divans.
Shah–Nama (Shahnameh)
Epic Persian poem translated in courtly settings; attributed to Firdausi in this era.
Ain-i-Akbarī and Akbarnama
Key Persian-language chronicles of Akbar’s reign; part of Mughal historiography.
Md. Bin Tughlaq (Muhammad bin Tughlaq)
Delhi Sultan known for literary patronage; the only sultan described as having broad literary education.
Padmavat
Epic poem by Jayasi; later Persian translations and cultural adaptations.
Nilopitu
Reference in Harsha-era literature; archives or archives tradition (note appears in Harsha section).