Bio 172 Exam #3 Material

definitions and concepts covered in class

phylogenetic tree of life

developed by Carl Loci who categorized a wide variety of organisms into the three main domains known as bacteria, archaea, and eukaryota

list the six classifications of organisms by Linnaeus’ system

kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, species (author, date)

bacteria

ancestor to all life forms

archaea

named for the extreme conditions they thrive in that reflect the environment that was the past with no oxygen, developed a metabolism to anaerobic environments

eukaryota

radically different from bacteria because of wide variety of life forms like animals, plants, fungi, flagellates, etc but still have relation

what were the conditions of early earth like?

there was energy, light, electricity (from storms) and heat (from volcanic activity)

what kinds of compounds existed during the conditions of early earth that the very first organisms could intake for energy

lightweight organic compounds like methane

1st: anaerobic chemoheterotroph

thrived by surviving off of existing chemicals in the environment as their source of energy, no oxygen and no quality control

2nd: anaerobic chemoautotroph

thrived off of multi carbon chains or carbs with more consistent intake

3rd: anaerobic photoautotroph

has a endless supply of readily available energy, eg purple sulfur bacteria

4th: aerobic photoautotrophs

accumulation of oxygen in the atmosphere allows for further development, eg algae, plants, photosynthetic bacteria

5th: aerobic chemoautotrophs

consumes the biomass of other organisms, eg animals, fungi