CHATGPT nutrition questions

Growth during infancy is considered a critical period because:
a. It is when the least energy is required
b. It determines future neurocognitive development
c. It is the slowest period of growth
d. It predicts only childhood stature

b. It determines future neurocognitive development

The period most associated with risk for growth stunting is:
a. 0–3 months
b. 4–24 months
c. 25–36 months
d. 1–5 years

b. 4–24 months

The Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) meets the needs of:
a. 25% of individuals
b. 50% of individuals
c. 75% of individuals
d. 97% of individuals

b. 50% of individuals

The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) covers nutrient needs for:
a. 50% of individuals
b. 80% of individuals
c. >97% of individuals
d. All individuals

c. >97% of individuals

Among macronutrients, the highest energy yield per gram is from:
a. Protein
b. Carbohydrates
c. Fat
d. Alcohol

c. Fat

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDR) are expressed as:
a. Grams per kilogram of body weight
b. Percentage of total energy intake
c. Calories per serving
d. Ratio of macronutrients to water

b. Percentage of total energy intake

Which fat type increases LDL and cardiovascular risk?
a. Unsaturated fats
b. Trans and saturated fats
c. Omega-3 fats
d. Monounsaturated fats

b. Trans and saturated fats

The function of dietary protein includes:
a. Only providing energy
b. Promoting calcium absorption
c. Replenishing amino acids for growth and tissue repair
d. Serving as the main energy reserve

c. Replenishing amino acids for growth and tissue repair

Children require increased protein intake during:
a. Sleep
b. Hypermetabolic states
c. Fever-free conditions
d. Rest periods

b. Hypermetabolic states

Carbohydrates provide approximately how many kilocalories per gram?
a. 2 kcal/g
b. 3 kcal/g
c. 4 kcal/g
d. 9 kcal/g

c. 4 kcal/g

The glycemic index measures:
a. The total energy in carbohydrates
b. The speed of blood glucose rise after food intake
c. The insulin level after meals
d. Fiber fermentation rate

b. The speed of blood glucose rise after food intake

Low glycemic index foods are recommended because they:
a. Increase insulin resistance
b. Reduce cardiovascular disease risk
c. Increase triglycerides
d. Increase hunger

b. Reduce cardiovascular disease risk

Dietary fiber is defined as:
a. Digestible carbohydrates
b. Non-digestible carbohydrates and lignin from plants
c. Simple sugars from fruits
d. Starch in grains

b. Non-digestible carbohydrates and lignin from plants

The main function of Vitamin D in the body is:
a. Energy metabolism
b. Calcium and bone metabolism
c. Wound healing
d. Red blood cell formation

b. Calcium and bone metabolism

The RDA for Vitamin D in children aged 1–18 years is:
a. 200 IU/day
b. 400 IU/day
c. 600 IU/day
d. 800 IU/day

c. 600 IU/day

Calcium absorption and regulation depend primarily on:
a. Vitamin B12
b. Vitamin C
c. Parathyroid hormone and calcitriol
d. Magnesium

c. Parathyroid hormone and calcitriol

Vitamin K is important for:
a. Vision
b. Coagulation factor synthesis
c. Collagen formation
d. Immune modulation

b. Coagulation factor synthesis

The main intracellular cation is:
a. Sodium
b. Potassium
c. Calcium
d. Magnesium

b. Potassium

A newborn’s water requirement as a percentage of body weight is approximately:
a. 1–2%
b. 5%
c. 10–15%
d. 20%

c. 10–15%

The earliest sign of impending shock in children is:
a. Hypotension
b. Tachycardia
c. Fever
d. Bradycardia

b. Tachycardia

Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first:
a. 3 months
b. 4 months
c. 6 months
d. 12 months

c. 6 months

The hormone primarily responsible for milk production is:
a. Estrogen
b. Oxytocin
c. Prolactin
d. Progesterone

c. Prolactin

The hormone responsible for the milk let-down reflex is:
a. Estrogen
b. Oxytocin
c. Insulin
d. Prolactin

b. Oxytocin

Colostrum is produced during:
a. The first 1–3 days after delivery
b. 4–10 days after delivery
c. After 10 days postpartum
d. The third trimester

a. The first 1–3 days after delivery

The main carbohydrate in breast milk is:
a. Maltose
b. Sucrose
c. Lactose
d. Fructose

c. Lactose

A contraindication to breastfeeding is:
a. Maternal tuberculosis
b. Maternal chemotherapy
c. Mastitis
d. Vitamin D deficiency

b. Maternal chemotherapy

Breast milk storage at refrigerator temperature (2–4°C) is safe for:
a. 24 hours
b. 3 days
c. 8 days
d. 30 days

c. 8 days

Which milk type is high in protein and should not be given before 12 months?
a. Cow’s milk
b. Goat’s milk
c. Soy milk
d. Formula milk

a. Cow’s milk

Complementary feeding should begin at:
a. 3 months
b. 4 months
c. 6 months
d. 12 months

c. 6 months

The RDA for Vitamin D supplementation in breastfed infants is:
a. 200 IU
b. 300 IU
c. 400 IU
d. 600 IU

c. 400 IU