APUSH Chapters 1-8 Connections

Connections

A. Cortés - Malinche

Hernán Cortes was a Spanish conquistador of the Aztecs. They mostly succumbed to disease and the belief of their leader, Montezuma, that a god would conquer the city (Tenochtitlán). The last important factor was the cooperation of some Aztecs. Most importantly of these was Malinche who was a translator that also knew more Aztec traditions and secrets then just the Spanish.

B. Crusade - Marco Polo

The Crusades brought ideas and goods from the Middle East to European ports, giving Europe a taste of what the Eastern world had to offer. Marco Polo's accounts of his travels also flaunted this potential to the European masses. Both the Crusades and Marco Polo had the effect of increasing European desire for Asian and Middle Eastern goods, providing motivation for finding a direct route to these traders from Europe and kicking off the Age of Exploration.

C. Aztec - Inca

The Aztec and Inca were two American civilizations that fell to the Spanish. The influx of diseases brought by the Spanish quickly attributed to the diminishing population of both civilizations. The fall of these civilizations enabled the rise of Spanish power in the Americas and abuse of the indigenous population for labor.

D. Roger Williams - William Penn

Roger Williams and William Penn both founded colonies based on religious freedom and tolerance towards the Native Americans. The colonies they founded, Pennsylvania and Rhode Island, were controversial for their tolerance but established the American values of religious freedom which made its way to the Bill of Rights as the first amendment.

E. New England Confederation - Dominion of New England

The New England Confederation and Dominion of New England were two formal groupings of the New England Colonies with the confederation being a short-lived military alliance while the dominion was an administrative union. The combination of the New England colonies acted as one of the first attempts by the colonists to separate themselves from British rule.

F. Glorious Revolution - Dominion of New England

The Glorious Revolution was the removal of King James II from power in England in the mid 1600s. The Dominion of New England was a British-backed attempt to unite the New England colonies to a certain degree. The Dominion fell after James II was removed as Sir Edward Andros was seized by colonial insurgents.

G. Virginia Company - tobacco

The main source of revenue for the Virginia company, which was dedicated to colonizing Virginia, was tobacco. The fertile soil and climate in Virginia provided the perfect opportunity to grow tobacco and other cash crops. Since plantation owners needed cheap labor to do the difficult job of harvesting cash crops, many enslaved people; enslaved people to make up a large portion of the Southern States.

H. Lord Baltimore - William Penn

Lord Baltimore and William Penn both founded colonies dedicated to the freedom to practice their religions. As Maryland served as a safe haven for Catholics, Pennsylvania served to house Quakers and non-English settlers. The establishment of the colonies continued the narrative of North America being the place to express religion, building its way into the First Amendment of the Bill of Rights.

I. Iroquois Confederacy - Powhatan Confederacy

The Iroquois Confederacy and the Powhatan Confederacy were both alliances of Native American tribes that were faced with new European arrivals and ended up playing crucial roles in their development. Both ended up falling due to disorganization and disagreements after facing pressure from European greed. The Powhatan Confederacy was not much of a confederacy to begin with while the Iroquois Confederacy split up and picked sides (forced out by Treaty of Fort Stanwix).

J. Roger Williams - Anne Hutchinson

Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson were two residents of the Massachusetts Bay Colony that were banished for their religious views that disagreed with Puritan beliefs. The banishment of the two residents proved the hypocrisy of the Puritans as they settled in New England to flee from the oppression of the English Church yet oppressed people with contrasting religious beliefs in the same way.

K. Jonathan Edwards - George Whitefield

Jonathan Edwards was a Christian preacher that the Great Awakening can be traced back to. He preached that all people would go to hell and the only way they can be saved is through the belief in Jesus. The brilliant orator and preacher George Whitefield learned from him and went across the nation preaching his teaching in a more emotional way. He is really what caused the Great Awakening—the resurgence of Christian thought after their teachings that caused a more unified colonies.

L. Mayflower Compact - House of Burgesses

The Mayflower Compact and House of Burgesses were expressions of the colonists' want for democracy. The Mayflower Compact detailed that the pilgrims wanted to be democratically governed while the House of Burgesses was the first Democracy in the colonies where white men who owned property could govern themselves. These first examples of the want for American Democracy inspired the founding fathers of America to run the United States as a democracy where every eligible voter has the ability to participate in the government.

M. Navigation Acts - salutary neglect

Salutary neglect was the idea that the British government could leave the colonies alone to develop on their own. The Navigation Acts were hardly enforced for many years after their implementation in 1650 (until the mid 1700s) in line with the policy of salutary neglect. Smuggling was rampant and the Acts did not have much effect on the colonies.

N. John Winthrop - city on a hill

John Winthrop dreamed for the Massachusetts Bay Colony to be a "city upon a hill"; he wanted the colony to serve as an example of following God and for its residents to worship God in order to maintain receiving his blessing. The importance of God in the founding of the Massachusetts Bay colony continued the narrative of the search for religious freedom for religions contrasting views of the English Church in North America.

O. Bacon's Rebellion - Middle Passage

Bacon's Rebellion decreased the trust in indentured servants as a source of labor since plantation owners were fearful of their workers protesting; Slavery became more prevalent since it was one of the only sources of cheap labor creating a greater need for the Middle Passage, a horrid path between the Americas and Africa where enslaved people were transported in dehumanizing conditions.