War of 1812 and Madison, Monroe - Tiedeken 1/16

Democratic-Republican

What party was James Madison apart of?

Virginia

Where is James Madison from?

Plantation Owner, Politician

What professions did Madison have?

Father of the Constitution, author of 29 federalist papers, former secretary of state under Thomas Jefferson

What is Madison known for?

Tensions with Britain

What did Madison experience early on in his presidency

Reasons for British tension

British warships continued to interfere with American ships and continued the impressment of US sailors. Britain also supported Native American attacks on settlers moving west.

War Hawks - 79-49 in the House and 19-13 in the Senate, in favor

What were pro-war members of Congress known as? What did the vote come down to?

True

True or False: Was the declaration of war on Britain in 1812 the first time the US government declared war?

Declare War on a foreign nation: War begins on June 18th, 1812 - February 18th, 1815

Madison becomes the first person to ask Congress to _____ ___.

Beginning of the War for the US

Goes VERY badly, New England states even threatens to secede or leave the country after Britain blockades American Trade.

Battle of Detroit - August of 1812

In what battle did the British army force (smaller army), force the Americans (bigger army) to surrender?

Battle of Lake Erie

Future president William Henry Harrison led an army to recapture Detroit, soon turning on Native tribes who allied with the British, moving into Canada.

Battle of Thames

In what battle did Lake Erie lead to that caused the Native Americans to be defeated as their leader, Tecumseh, was killed.

British attacks on Washington DC & Baltimore

August 24, 1814 - White House and Capitol Building are set on fire

Portrait of George Washington

What does the First Lady, Dolly Madison, order to be saved during the fire?

A Heavy Storm

What do some eyewitnesses say helped put out the fires on the White House and Capitol (Even killing some British and American civilians)

Battle of Fort McHenry

American Victory against British ships at the entrance to the Baltimore Harbour. Witnessed by Francis Scott Key who writes what becomes the Star Spangled Banner.

Star Spangled Banner

Written by Francis Scott Key

Treaty of Ghent

Signed on December 24th, 1814 - restored relations between the Us and Britain. No territory changes hands.

White Peace

What is no territory changes also known as?

James Monroe

Who ended up getting a lot of credit for John Quincy Adams meet with the British in modern day Belgium?

Battle of New Orleans

Fought after Treaty of Ghent is signed (as news of peace didn’t arrive yet). American Victory led by Andrew Jackson despite being outnumbered (and with fewer casualties)

Effects of the Battle of New Orleans

Andrew Jackson becomes a national hero, partially leading to his presidency. Many Americans falsely beliieve his victory caused the end of the War.

Economic Effects after the War

British Blockaded disrupted trade and forced the US to rely more on manufacturing (Leads to the growth of manufacturing in the northeast.)

Political Effects of the War of 1812

• US is seen as a strong and independent country that can defend against a invasion.

• US Army becomes more professional

• Wave of patriotism sweeps the country leading to the Era of Good feelings.

Second War of Independence

What is the War of 1812 also known as?

Causes of the War of 1812

Ineffective Foreign policy, British harassing and seizing US Ships (and impressment), lack of trade, high tension, resistment of US expansion from Native Americans (Which Britain supported)

Reasons for American Anger

Britian gave weapons to Native Americans to fight American settlers, siezment and Impressment from the British

France and Britain

What two countries fighting led into the War of 1812?

France

American was allied with which country?

No

Did America do good while fighting in Canada?

No

Did any country gain any land (America gained parts of Canada and Britain's got parts of America) Yes or no?

Consequences of the Native Americans

Further removal, relocation, and destruction of the Native Americans. With this impart  with the allies, supplies, land, and life the Native Americans already lost, the Creek nation at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend suffered around 15% of their population to be killed, and a loss of 23 million acres. Native Americans were also left without British aid after the death of Tecumseh.

Tenskwatawa and Tecumseh

Shawnee prophet and his brother who wanted to challenge Us settlement.

Federalists (Federalist Party)

Groupe of people who were against the war. This group of people collapsed soon after the war

Hartford Convention

Consisted of 26 Federalists in December, 1814 suggesting secession during wartime and condemning the new American government, Federalists appeared unpatriotic. This discredited the Federalist Party and sowed the seeds for the party’s demise.

1817-1825

Monroe term

Monroe’s Resume

• Gov of Virginia

• Served with Washington at Trenton

• Minister to England, France, and Spain

• Secretary of State and War

• Last of the Virginia Dynasty

Era of Good feelings

Time of extreme patriotism in America due to the falling out of the federalist party and BOOOOMMMing economy. Monroe ran against little competition and received all but 4 electoral votes.

First Seminole War (1817-1818)

• Indians and escaped slaves are raiding  Southern  settlements

• General Andrew  Jackson  is sent to pursue the raiders and captures 2 Spanish forts

• Florida

Monroe Cabinet

• John Quincy Adams, William H. Crawford, John C. Calhoun

2nd National Bank

• Madison’s proposals of a protective tariff and a new  national bank  which would be known as the 2nd National Bank

• The National Bank was to finance the building of road systems and  canal systems for the U.S. economy 

• Opposed Federal Aid to Internal Improvements on Constitutional Grounds

Missouri Compromise

• Alabama and Illinois had just been admitted to Union as new states

• James Tallmadge of NY proposed that Missouri should alter its constitution to be a free state

• Objection to 3/5s clause

• Henry Clay “Firebell in the Night”brokered two compromises

• Thomas Amendment of 36-30 

• Difficulty of slavery  as an issue in national politics

Effects of the Missouri Compromise of 1820

(1) Missouri was admitted as a slave state and Maine (formerly part of Massachusetts) would be a free state 

(2) except for Missouri, slavery was to be  excluded  from the Louisiana Purchase lands north of latitude 36°30.

Basically this  divides the nation in half  by saying that slavery is allowed under the 36°30 line.

Reasons for the Missouri Compromise

• Allow Americans to move into the Mid-West  territories and begin to apply for admittance in the United States

• Northern and Southern states begin to  argue  in Congress about whether or not new states should be  slave  or  free  states

Monroe’s Foreign Policy

• Improved Relations with Great Britain

• Florida  Acquisition

• Monroe Doctrine

Convention of 1818

49th parallel between La. Purchase and Canada; joint occupation of  Oregon:

Adam-Onis Treaty

• Spain  ceded (gave up) Florida

• U. S. assumed claims of its citizens against Spain up to $5 million

• U. S. relinquished claims to Texas

• Southern  boundary of Louisiana Purchase clarified

Monroe Doctrine

• Western Hemisphere is closed to  further  European Colonization

• Attempts to colonize would be viewed unfavorably

• No interference with existing colonies

• U. S. would stay out of European  affairs 

Eisenhowers Practices

What type of leadership did Monroe use during his presidency?