Geography - Part III: Populations to social behavior

Human Modification

Deforestation. Pollution. Industrial development.

Carrying capacity

the limit on the number of people an area can sustainably support

Demography

the study of human population, births, deaths, and movement

Standards of living

conditions in which a population of a nation lives

Developed Countries

have a high standards of living (surplus of goods & services) & a mix of all levels of economic activity

Developing Countries

a lower standard of living & most people produce enough food for day-to-day survival. Economic activity is limited

Gross National Product (GNP)

The measure of a nation’s total economic activity

Value of all finished goods & services provided in 1 year

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

The total dollar value of all goods & services provided over an established time period

used to gauge the health of nation’s economy

Traditional Economy

Individual needs are met through trade & barter

Most ppl do the same work their parents did.

little innovation

Command Economy

Gov’t controls all production & distribution

(communism)

Market Economy

Companies & individuals decide what and how much to produce and consume

Supply & demand regulate prices & distribution

“Free enterprise system”

Mixed Economy

both government & individuals make decisions on production & distribution

gov’t regulates business & laws

Primary Economic Activities

• Harvesting resources

• fishing

• farming

• mining

Secondary Economic Activities

• making goods from nat’l resources

• construction

• factories

• processing plant

Tertiary Economic Activities

• service industry

• retail/sales

• medical

• education

• restaurant

(US dependent on this sector)

Quarternary Economic Activities

• data/info collection

• research

Cultural Values

The morals/ideas of right and wrong as determined by culture

Cultural Products

the arts, literature, music, architecture, and fashion that reflect beliefs and values of culture

Social Institutions

• Educational

• Economic

• Family

• Religion

• Government

Education purpose as a social institution

to transfer knowledge to members of society

Economic purpose as a social institution

a formal system of production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services

Family purpose as a social institution

a social unit that shares resources to meet basic needs

Religion’s purpose as a social institution

helps society meet emotional/physical needs

Government’s purpose as a social institution

maintains order and progress of a society