C+ HM Paddocking and Feeding

Describe Ragwort

bright yellow daisy like flowers

Describe Tutu

small green flowers, purplish berries, leaves stick out opposite each other up the stem

Describe Hemlock

fern like, white flowers, purple spots on stems

Describe Foxglove

garden plant, purple flowers

Describe Bracken fern

looks like a silver fern

Describe deadly nightshade

white starlike flowers with a yellow centre, black berries when ripe

Describe Wooly Nightshade

big leaves, looks furry/wooly, can grow really large, purple flowers, yellow centre

Describe Black Nightshade

garden plant, black berries when ripe white starlike flowers with a yellow centre like Deadly nightshade

Describe oak

has acorns

Describe Castor Oil plant

star like green that goes red leaves, red spikey seeds

Describe Rangiora

big pointy leaves, white flowers

Describe Iceland Poppy

small orange, pink or cream flowers

Describe privet

big bushy plant, small white flowers

Describe Rhododendron

pink flowers

Which poisonous plant has purple flowers?

Foxglove

which poisonous plant looks like a silver fern?

Bracken fern

Which poisonous plant has acorns?

oak

Which poisonous plant has…. white starlike flowers with a yellow centre

Deadly nightshade and black nightshade

Which poisonous plant has…. purple spots on the stem?

Hemlock

Which poisonous plant has…. Leaves that stick out opposite each other and grow small green flowers?

Tutu

Which poisonous plant has…. Black berries?

Deadly nightshade and black nightshade

Which poisonous plant has…. pink flowers?

Rhododendron

What size should a yard be?

4.5m squared

What height should a yard be?

1.5m

What material is used for yards?

Treated post and rail

What should the top rail of yards be?

Rounded

What must the gate be able to do?

Swing freely

What width should the gate be?

1.5m

What surface is used for yards?

Heavy metal or pumice

What should yard surfaces be topped with?

Sawdust or shavings

Name 3 things to check for in the daily check of the horse

Potential answers:
- Cover: fitting well, not rubbing or ripped/damaged, appropriate rug for the
weather conditions, check all the buckles and straps aren't fraying
- Halter: safer not to wear but if required fitting well, not rubbing, check all the
buckles
- Pony itself:
- alert and usual signs of good health,
- acting as his "usual self",
- eating and drinking,
- Condition and soundness,
- no injuries or wounds, swelling, heat in legs
- Feet and shoes
- discharge from eyes or nose or signs of illness such as coughing or
runny nose,
- if concerned at all seek advice

Name 3 things to check for in the daily check of the paddock

- Water: clean and fresh, trough not broken unlimited supply, clean trough
regularly
- Fencing: safe and secure, no broken wires, wobbly posts
- Gate: secure and safe, not broken, coming off hinges, latched secured
- Grass: suitable amount based on condition of pony, check for no poisonous
plants
- Check there are no hazards, low tree branches or holes, for example, or
rubbish
- Pick up droppings to minimise worms

What should be behind the horse in a tie up area?

Solid wall

What should be on the floor of a tie up area?

non-slip flooring

How tall should the walls beside the horse bein a tie up area?

1.2m minimum

What are used to secure the horse in a tie up area?

Pillar reins or cross ties

Where should eyebolts be in a tie up area?

attatched to beams above the withers of the horse

Name three bulk feeds?

- Hay

- Grass/pasture

- Chaff

Name three main concentrates/grains

• Oats

• Barley

• Maize

What are the main ways to feed barley?

- Crushed

- Boiled

- Kibbled

- Extruded

- steam flaked

What are the two best fatteners when cooked?

Oats and barley

What should you look for in good hay?

- Colour (greenish brown) no mould growing

- Smells sweet mot musty or dusty

- Feels crisps not damp or soggy

- A good mix of grasses

Name three reasons why horses need forage (food)

- Maintain condition

- Growth for young horses

- Energy for work

- Enable body processes such as digestion

- Repair and replace natural tissue wastage

- Maintain body temperature

Name three reasons why horses need water

- Absorb nutrients

- Carry food substances through the body

- Waste products away through urine

- Produce saliva

- Regulate body temperature through sweat

Name 5 principles of feeding

- Feed little and often

- Feed plenty of bulk

- Keep feeding times regular

- Avoid sudden changes

- Fresh water available at all times (apart from when about to do hard & fast work)

- Feed something succulent (green)

- Don't work horse after a full feed

- Feed according to the horses size, type, temperament, work doing, condition,

- Feed good quality feeds

- Keep feedbins, buckets and scoops clean

What’s the use of feeding pellets?

- Contain all the vitamins and

minerals needed if diet is

lacking these

- Well digested and cost

effective

- Must be fed to

recommended intake to gain

benefits

What’s the use of feeding Oats

- Heating and

energising

- Boiled oats good

for fattening

What’s the use of feeding Barley

- Energising (more than oats)

- Fattening (more than oats)

- Cooked barley good for

fattening

What’s the use of feeding maize

- Highly energising

- Cook dont feed raw

What’s the use of sugarbeet

- High in fibre

- Maintain body

condition

Linseed

- Condition and coat

- Prevent constipation

- Must be feed boiled or crushed

due to prussic acid

What’s the use of feeding of chaff

- Encourages feed to be

chewed

- Prevents eating feed too

quickly

- Bulk feed aiding digestion

What’s the use of Molasses

- High energy

- Encourage picky

eaters

- Good for

fattening

what’s the use of feeding salt

- Replaces salt lost in sweat

- Maintain fluid and electrolyte

balance

Identify this feed

Whole oats

Identify this feed

Whole Maize

Identify this feed

Whole barley

Identify this feed

pellets

Identify this feed

Lucerne chaff

Identify this feed

Whole Linseed

Identify this feed

Whole Sugarbeet

Identify this feed

Molasses

Identify this feed

salt

Identify this feed

Crushed barley

Identify this feed

Meadow Chaff

Identify this feed

Wheat

Identify this feed

Crushed oats

Identify this feed

Crushed linseed

Identify this feed

Flaked Sugarbeet

Identify this feed

Kibbled maize

Discuss mounts feeding programme at different times of the year

Should include: Basically, what do you feed your horse, how much, (weight) why do you feed that feed, does

it change at all during the year? Do you feed more in or something in winter for example, do

you feed any supplements? If so what are they and why

Key notes:

- Horses need approx 2.5% of its total body weight of feed daily

- This is hard feed and grass

- Need to calculate your horses body weight this can be done using a weight tape as a

rough guide

- Decide how much concentrate is needed the remainder would be bulk

- Maintenance diets doing little to no work 100% bulk. Medium amount of work

30% concentrate 70% bulk, hard amount of work 50/50

- Then think about what type of food would be suitable for your horse