Genetics Review

Vocabulary flashcards covering basic genetics terms and concepts from the lecture.

Allele

A version of a gene located on a chromosome.

Gene

Genetic material that codes for a trait.

Dominant Allele

A stronger gene that is more likely to show through when paired with a recessive allele.

Recessive Allele

A weaker gene that only shows through when paired with another recessive allele.

Homozygous Dominant

A pairing of two dominant alleles (e.g., BB) for a trait.

Homozygous Recessive

A pairing of two recessive alleles (e.g., bb) for a trait.

Heterozygous

A pairing of one dominant and one recessive allele (e.g., Bb) for a trait.

Genotype

The different genes or alleles that an organism has.

Phenotype

The visible traits that result from an organism's genotype.

Meiosis

The process of making sex cells (sperm and egg cells) where genetic material is mixed, leading to variation.

Recombination

The random coming together of genes from the female and male during fertilization, forming new combinations.

Punnett Square

A visual tool to represent the likelihood of a certain trait being passed on based on parental genotypes.

Drosophila (Fruit Fly)

A test subject used to study genetics and genetic changes due to their short life cycle and manageable characteristics.

Crossing Over

When genetic material between chromosome sets flips during reproduction, leading to different gene combinations.

Incomplete Dominance

A situation where different phenotypes blend together.

Codominance

A situation where both phenotypes are expressed.