CBIO3400 - Anterograde Trafficking: ER-to-Golgi

These flashcards cover the key vocabulary and concepts related to anterograde trafficking and vesicular transport.

Anterograde Transport

The forward movement of vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus.

COPII Coat

A coat protein complex that mediates the budding of transport vesicles from the ER, composed of proteins like Sec23/24 and Sar1.

Sar1

A small GTPase that regulates COPII coat assembly, facilitating vesicle formation.

v-SNARE

Vesicle-associated SNARE protein that interacts with t-SNAREs on target membranes to mediate vesicle fusion.

t-SNARE

Target membrane SNARE protein that interacts with v-SNAREs to facilitate the fusion of vesicles.

Rab GTPases

Small GTPases that play a crucial role in vesicle tethering and docking at target membranes.

Glycosylation

The process of adding carbohydrate groups to proteins or lipids, crucial for protein sorting and modification.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

An organelle where protein synthesis begins and initial folding and modification occur before vesicle transport.

Golgi Apparatus

An organelle responsible for processing, modifying, and sorting proteins and lipids received from the ER.

Uncoating

The process by which a vesicle loses its protein coat to expose its membrane for fusion with a target membrane.

Cis-Golgi Network

The entry face of the Golgi apparatus that receives vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum.

Retrograde Transport

The backward movement of vesicles from the Golgi back to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor (GEF)

A protein that promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP, activating small GTPases like Rab and Sar1.

GTPase-Activating Protein (GAP)

A protein that stimulates the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP, inactivating GTPases like Sar1.

SNARE Complex

A protein complex formed by the interaction of v-SNAREs and t-SNAREs that facilitates membrane fusion.

Hydrophilic Heads

The water-attracting portions of phospholipids that orient towards the aqueous environment during membrane fusion.