ch14 pt1

microbiology; terminology and disease progression

pathology

study of disease

etiology

the cause of a disease

pathogenesis

the development of disease

infection

invasion or colonization of the body by pathogens

disease

abnormal state, body is not performing normal functions

symptoms

changes in body fxn that are felt by patient as a result of disease; not measurable

fatigue, pain, headache

examples of symptoms

signs

changes in body that can be measured or observed as a result of disease

body temp, BP, observation of a rash

examples of signs

syndrome

specific group of s/s without clear etiology

communicable disease

disease that is spread from one hose to another

contagious disease

diseases that are easily and rapidly spread from one host to another

noncommunicable disease

a disease that is not spread from one host to another; congenital

incubation period of development of disease

interval between initial infection and first s/s

prodromal period

short period after incubation; early, mild symptoms; “feeling under the weather”

period of illness

disease is most severe; actually sick

period of decline

s/s subside; “getting better”

period of convalescence

body returns to its pre-diseased state; immune system calms down

acute

rapid symptom develop, short duration

chronic

symptoms develop slowly, long duration

subacute

intermediate between acute and chronic

latent

pathogen inactive for a time, then activates → symptoms; immunosuppression

asymptomatic (subclinical)

no noticeable s/s