Exam 3 (Form B) - Intro to Animal Science Lecture

Chapters 16-19 - Arkansas State University, Randy Burnett

True or False? Explain if False: Historically, the swine industry has had minimal segmentation but more recently has moved to a common industry of becoming vertically integrated.

True

True or False? Explain if False: A TMR stands for a total mixed ration that supplies all the essential nutrients a dairy cow needs for production of milk.

True

True or False? Explain if False: Milk production is the least efficient conversion of feed to a useable food product for human consumption amongst all other species that we have discussed this semester.

False - Milk production is the most efficient

True or False? Explain if False: When feeding out growing swine, the protein quantity of feed is more important that the protein quality that is in the feed being consumed.

False - Quality is more important than quantity

True or False? Explain if False: Veal is typically from male dairy calves fed milk-or milk-based diets until harvest.

True

True or False? Explain if False: Mastitis is better known as inflammation or an infection of the mammary gland system.

True

True or False? Explain if False: During a typical year in the life of a beef cow, the period of greatest nutrient requirement is from calving to breeding, or around 70-80 days after she has gone through parturition.

True

True or False? Explain if False: Ad libitum feeding means that an animal is limit fed so much feed per day.

False - Ad libitum is feeding is feeding an unlimited amount of food

True or False? Explain if False: Breed complimentary is a phenomenon in breeding and genetics that takes the strong points of one breed that complements/covers up the weak points of another breed (example: breeding a Hereford to a Brahman).

True

True or False? Explain if False: Stocker/backgrounders objective in the beef industry is to sell high dollar genetics in the form of calves, embryos, or semen.

False - This is the objective of a Seedstock producer

Which of the following breeds are the Continental/Exotic breeds of cattle:

A. Salers

B. Maine Anjou

C. Brahman

D. Beef Master

E. Hereford

F. A and B

G. B and C

H. A, B, and C

I. A, C, and D

J. All of the Above

K. None of the Above

F. A and B

Biennial forages include:

A. Bermuda grass

B. Legumes

C. Millets

D. Fescue

E. A and B

F. B and C

G. C and D

H. A and D

I. All of the Above

J. None of the Above

B. Legumes

Which of the following states are in the top 5 for swine?

A. Minnesota

B. Ohio

C. Kansas

D. Tennessee

E. Oklahoma

F. A and B

G. B and C

H. A, B, and C

I. A, C, and D

J. All of the Above

K. None of the Above

A. Minnesota

Which of the following states are in the top 5 for dairy cows?

A. California

B. Ohio

C. Kansas

D. Idaho

E. New York

F. A and B

G. B and C

H. A, D, and E

I. A, C, and D

J. All of the Above

K. None of the Above

H. A, D, and E

Which of the following dairy products fall under Class II?

A. Ice Cream

B. Cheese

C. Butter

D. Dry milk

E. A and B

F. A and C

G. B and C

H. All of the Above

I. None of the Above

A. Ice Cream

Draw a basic sketch of a beef calf growth curve. Highlight/show the area of most concern when talking about the greatest increase in growth of that calf.

Rectal temperature of cattle

101.5

Estrous type for swine

Polyestrous

Young beef or dairy female

Heifer

Fresh period length of dairy cow

305 days

Breeding age of heifers

14-19 months

Young female swine

Gilt

Estrous cycle of cattle

19-21 days

Ancient breed of cattle

Auroch

Free access to feed

Ad libitum

Estrus cycle of cattle

13-17 hours

Hormone that increases milk production

bST

Gestation length of cattle

283 days

Castrated male pig

Barrow

Feeding system utilized in dairy

TMR

Dry period length of dairy cattle

60 days

Gestation length of swine

112-115 days

What are the (seven) parts of the beef cattle industry?

Seedstocker, Commercial cow-calf, Stocker, Feedlot, Packer, Retailer, Consumer

What are the two options in feeding management of dairy cattle? What is an advantage and disadvantage of each?

TMR - Advantage: Farmer has more control; Disadvantage: Special equipment required

Pasture - Advantage: Minimal special equipment required; Disadvantage: Farmer has less control

BONUS: How can you increase milk fat and quantity in pounds of milk with diet selection?

Milk fat - TMR

Quantity in pounds of milk - bST

Which dairy breed produces the greatest quantity of milk? which dairy breed produces the greatest quality of milk?

Holstein - Quantity

Jersey - Quality

In dairy cattle industry, the time frame of producing a calf is 1 calf/cow/13 months. Why does it take longer for dairy cattle to breed back and have another calf compared to beef animals?

Greater nutritional requirements that are going to her growing, healing repro tract, and especially milk.

What are three maternal/mother breed of swine?

Yorkshire, Landrace, Chester white

What are the five critical management procedures that need to be completed after the birth of a piglet?

Dipping of the navel to prevent infection, Clipping the needle teeth, Iron injection, Tail docking, Castrate males

BONUS: What are three essential amino acids that cattle and swine need in their diets?

Lysine, Methionine, Threonine