Microbiology Quiz 1

Which of the biomolecules is incorrectly matched with its building block

A) 
Carbohydrate: Polysaccharide

B) 
Nucleic acid: Nucleotide

C) 
Protein: Amino acid

D) 
Lipid: Glycerol

E) 
Lipid: Fatty aci

A) 
Carbohydrate: Polysaccharide

What is the order of the taxonomic hierarchy from least specific to most specific? 


A) 
domain, phylum, order, kingdom, class, family, genus, species

B) 
class, order, phylum, kingdom, domain, genus, family, species

C) 
species, genus, order, family, class, phylum, kingdom, domain

D) 
domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

D) 
domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

Why can't prokaryotic species be defined as a group of similar organisms that could sexually reproduce together?

A) 
They can be.

B) 
Bacteria reproduce asexually.

C) 
Bacteria are all too different to be considered similar.

D) 
We can't see them in enough detail to tell how similar they really are yet.

B) 
Bacteria reproduce asexually.

Which of the following is not a microorganism?

A) 
fungi 


B) 
bacteria 


C) 
archaea


D) 
mosquito

D) 
mosquito

When do opportunistic pathogens tend to cause disease?

A) 
when the host is young

B) 
when the host has recently traveled to a remote area

C) 
when the host is pregnant

D) 
when the host is weakened

D) 
when the host is weakened

Robert Koch helped establish the germ theory of disease by discovering that anthrax was caused by a bacterial microorganism. After he isolated and purified the same bacteria from several diseased animals, what would be the next step in order to show that this bacteria caused anthrax?

A) 
culture the bacteria on Petri dishes

B) 
find out if antibiotics treat the diseased animals

C) 
introduce the bacteria into a new mouse to see if it established the same infection

D) 
perform physiological testing

C) 
introduce the bacteria into a new mouse to see if it established the same infection

Deoxyribonucleotides and ribonucleotides differ in all of the following except 


A) 
phosphodiester bonds can only form between deoxyribonucleotides, not ribonucleotides.

B) 
the sugar is different in the two types of nucleotides.

C) 
deoxyribonucleotides are found in DNA while ribonucleotides are found in RNA.

D) 
the nitrogenous base thymine is only found in deoxyribonucleotides while the nitrogenous base uracil is only found in ribonucleotides.

E) 
ribonucleotides can serve as energy molecules such as ATP while deoxyribonucleotides do not.

A) 
phosphodiester bonds can only form between deoxyribonucleotides, not ribonucleotides.

Which of the following type of microbe is always unicellular? 


A) 
viruses 


B) 
helminths


C) 
protists 


D) 
fungi


E) 
bacteria

E) 
bacteria

The goal of the streak plate technique is to___?

A) 
spread out a thick layer of bacteria and isolate the bacteria that outcompete the rest.

B) 
visualize all of the colonies on a plate from a pure culture.

C) 
isolate a pure culture for study from a single colony.

D) 
compare how the shape, color, and margin differ in colonies from a pure culture.

C) 
isolate a pure culture for study from a single colony.

Normal microbiota are responsible for all of the following except ___?

A) 
producing vitamins for us.

B) 
impacting our moods and brain functions.

C) 
training our immune system.

D) 
inducing spontaneous mutations in our genome

D) 
inducing spontaneous mutations in our genome

Why do electron microscopes have a better resolution than light microscopes? 


A) 
The lenses used to focus the electron beam are more adjustable than the ones in a light microscope.

B) 
The additional steps necessary to prepare the sample for viewing provide the improved resolution.

C) 
An electron beam has a wavelength of about 800 nm, and resolution improves with larger wavelengths.

D) 
An electron beam has a wavelength of about 1 nm, and resolution improves with smaller wavelengths.

D) 
An electron beam has a wavelength of about 1 nm, and resolution improves with smaller wavelengths.

Microbes and humans have evolved a variety of ________ relationships, including ________ where microbes help the host. 


A) 
symbiotic; commensalism 


B) 
symbiotic; parasitism

C) 
symbiotic; mutualism 


D) 
dynamic; commensalism

C) 
symbiotic; mutualism 


13) 
Which particle is described incorrectly? 


A) 
Electron: Found in shells orbiting the nucleus

B) 
Proton: Positively charged and 1 atomic mass unit

C) 
Neutron: Found in the nucleus and 1 atomic mass unit

D) 
Proton: Found in shells orbiting the nucleus

E) 
Electron: Negatively charged and negligible mass

D) 
Proton: Found in shells orbiting the nucleus

Which of the following is incorrectly matched?

A) 
Acid: Release hydrogen ions (H+) in an aqueous solution

B) 
Salt: Formed by the combination of hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH−)

C) 
Base: Release hydroxide ions (OH−) in an aqueous solution

D) 
Water: Is the solvent in aqueous solutions

E) 
pH: Measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution

B) 
Salt: Formed by the combination of hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH−)

Which of the following statements is not true regarding ionic bonds? 


A) 
Ionic bonds form when electrons are transferred from one atom to another.

B) 
Ionic bonds are stronger bonds than hydrogen bonds.

C) 
Ionic bonds are electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions and form when electrons are transferred from one atom to another.

D) 
Ionic bonds are electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions.

E) 
Ionic bonds only exist as ions in aqueous solution.

E) 
Ionic bonds only exist as ions in aqueous solution.

Which statement is not true about valence electrons? 


A) 
If the valence shell is full, an atom tends to be nonreactive.

B) 
Valence electrons participate in chemical reactions.

C) 
Interactions between valence electrons in reacting atoms determine what kind of chemical bond is formed.

D) 
Valence electrons are found in the innermost shell.

E) 
Valence electrons tend to be situated in an atom's outermost shells.

D) 
Valence electrons are found in the innermost shell.

In a polar covalent bond, 


A) 
an acid and a base neutralize each other to form a salt.

B) 
electrons are shared equally between two atoms.

C) 
electrons are shared unequally between more than two atoms.

D) 
electrons are shared unequally between two atoms

D) 
electrons are shared unequally between two atoms

Which term is incorrectly matched to its description? 


A) 
Hydrophilic: Substances which readily dissolve in water AND hydrophobic: substances which are not readily dissolved in water are both incorrectly matched.

B) 
Amphipathic: Has properties that are neither hydrophilic nor hydrophobic; AND hydrophilic: substances which readily dissolve in water are both incorrectly matched.

C) 
Amphipathic: Has properties that are neither hydrophilic nor hydrophobic

D) 
Hydrophobic: Substances which are not readily dissolved in water

E) 
Hydrophilic: Substances which readily dissolve in water

C) 
Amphipathic: Has properties that are neither hydrophilic nor hydrophobic

Consider the reaction AB → A + B. What is/are the product(s) of this reaction? 


A) 
A 


B) 
B 


C) 
AB 


D) 
A and B

D) 
A and B

23) 
Which type of lipid is incorrectly matched to its description? 


A) 
Mono-, di-, or triglyceride: One, two, or three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule

B) 
Glycolipid: A lipid linked to a carbohydrate

C) 
Steroid: Made of four fused hydrocarbon rings

D) 
Wax: Refers to any lipid which is solid at room temperature

E) 
Phospholipid: An amphipathic lipid found in the plasma membrane of cells

D) 
Wax: Refers to any lipid which is solid at room temperature

Simple staining techniques use only one dye?

(True or false)

True

Only a small minority of microbes are human pathogens

(True or false)

True

Endergonic reactions make products with a lower final energy than the reactants and use more energy than is released.

(True or false)

False

A cation forms when an atom loses one or more negatively charged electrons.

(True or false)

True

Biofilms allow microbes to coordinate responses within an environment, making the community much more durable than single free-floating bacteria

(True or false)

True

A phosphodiester bond links a fatty acid to a glycerol molecule to form a fat or an oil.

(True or false)

False