Ideal Gas Laws and Fluid Flow

Flashcards covering vocabulary terms and concepts related to Ideal Gas Laws and fluid flow from the lecture notes.

Ideal Gas Laws

Laws that describe the relationship between gas pressure, temperature, mass, and volume, used to predict gas behavior under changing conditions.

Boyle’s Law

States that at constant temperature, the volume of a gas varies inversely with its pressure.

Charles’s Law

States that at constant pressure, the volume of a gas varies directly with its absolute temperature measured in Kelvins.

Gay-Lussac’s Law

States that at constant volume, the pressure of a gas varies directly with its absolute temperature measured in Kelvins.

Dalton’s Law

States that the total pressure of a mixture of gases equals the sum of the partial pressures of all component gases.

FIO2

Fraction of inspired oxygen, indicating the percentage of oxygen in the air we breathe.

PIO2

Pressure of inspired oxygen, the partial pressure of oxygen in the air expressed in mm Hg.

Laminar Flow

A smooth, orderly flow of fluid in parallel layers with no disruption between them.

Turbulent Flow

A chaotic flow pattern characterized by eddies and vortices.

Transitional Flow

A type of flow that exhibits characteristics of both laminar and turbulent flow.

Poiseuille’s Law

Describes the flow of a fluid through a cylindrical pipe, indicating that driving pressure increases with viscosity, tube length, and inversely with radius.

Bulk Flow

The movement of a fluid per unit time, typically measured in liters per minute or second.

Velocity

Measure of linear distance traveled by a fluid per unit time, expressed in cm/sec.