only way i will read

what best explains how conductive hearing loss typically occurs

obstruction or damage in the outer or middle ear blocks sound conduction

a nurse is assessing a bedridden pt n notices a red area on the coccyx that does not blanch when pressed, wwyd

reposition pt and reassess area

what hearing test requires nurse to place base of a struck tuning fork on the bridge of the pts forehead to assess hearing loss

weber test

what reproduces numbness and burning sensations in ppl with carpal tunnel syndrome

phalens test

what hearing test requires nurse to place the base of ya ya on pts mastoid bone to assess hearing loss

rinne test

pt has suspected peripheral vascular disease, what indicates an arterial problm rather than a venous one

cool, shiny skin with hair loss on legs

pt presents with distended neck veins while sitting upright at a 45 degree angle, whats the prblm

right sided heart failure

what technique used to assess carotid pulse

palpate one side at a time gently near the lower third of neck

left foot pale, cold touch, weak posterior tibial pulse, wwyd

perform ankle-brachial index test

preferred site for performing lumbar puncture

L4-L5

which CN provides motor function to some muscles of neck

CN X| (accessory nerve)

trauma pt w hypotension, bradycardia, warm extremeties. what type of shock did pt exp

neurogenic shock due to cervical injury

after turning pt with thoracic spinal cord injury, sweating, high BP and flushes skin above level of injury, wwyd

sit pt up and check for noxious smell

pt w meningitis, wwyd b4 lumbar puncture

perform a head computed tomography (CT) scan if there are signs of increases intracranial pressure

essential nsg technique when repositioning pt with suspected spinal injurt

perform logroll maneurver w assistance

pt w T6 spinall cord injury exp sudden headache, elevated BP and profused sweating above level of injury, wwyd

chk for possible triggers such as bladder distention or blocked urinary catheter

which CN responsible for transmitting visual info from retina to brain

CN || (optic)

purpose of vaginal examination during labour

assess cervical dilation anf fetal position

purpose of pap smear test

detect abnormal cervical cells that leads to cancer

what is a medicated vcaginal pessary primarily used for

deliver medication directly to vaginal area

baby spits out milk and fussy after feeds, wwyd

burp baby more often during and after feeds and feed in more upright position

baby becomes irritable and pulls away from bottle, wwyd

burp baby to help release trapped air thats causing discomfort

what helps ensure proper latch during bottle feeding to reduce air swallowing and feedin difficulties

titing bottle so nipple is always filled with milk to prevent baby from sucking air

when preparing milk feeds for an infant, what is most impt to ensure feed is safe and nutritious

follow manufacturer’s instructions for powder-to-water ratio and sterilizing all feeding equipment

why shld women undergo regular pap smear screening

detect precancerous changes early, allowing for timely intervention

why isit impt to perform vaginal examination at regular intervals during labour

determine progoress of labour and guide clinical decisions

how does maternity loop support improved maternal and newborn outcomes

by ensuring consistent and coordinated care process from antenatal to postnatal stages

appropriate advice on episiotomy wound

wash wound with warm water after voiding

what are the causes of urinary retention for postnatal mother

laxity of perineal care

risk factor of PPH

fibroids and prv PPH

wat is not one of the causes of earlt postpatrum haemorrhage

heamatoma of perineum

cause of late postpatrum haemorrhage

retained placenta fragments

immediate wwyd for postpartumn haemorrhage

ensure bladder not distended

pads fully soaked 2 hours ltr, wwyd

assess firmness of uterus

what is not a complication of post[artum haemorrhage

neurologicao shock

symptoms of puerperal sepsis

• fever

• offensive lochia and abdominal pain

ctc phenomena injury can be defined as an injury sustained when what

head is struck by mvg object such as swinging bat

intervention for risk for injurt related to altered neurologic regulatory function

monitor for manifestations of increased ICP, eye opening repsonses, motor response, verbal response

tetraplegia occurs when damage to what

neural structure in cervical area of cord, resulting in loss or impairment of motor/ sensory function in arms, legs, pelvic organs

immediate mamnagement for spinal cord injury pt

immobolizing and stabilizainf head and neck

what maintains ICP in normal range

mannitol

which electrolyte is priority for nurse to monitor pt with head trauma and prescribed manmnitol to reduce ICP

sodium

how does mannitol work

osmotic diuretic drug so prevents water reabsorption in renal tubules

what assessment requires immediate wwyd when pt receives mannitol

crackles throughout lung fields = pulmonary edema

wwyd intraventricular catheter for ICP monitoring

risk for infection related to catheter inserted into ventricle

purpose of placing a newborn under phototherapy

decrease unconjugated bilirubin

complication of neonatal jaundice is what

kernicterus

educate pt on recognising, treating, and preventing acute complication such as hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia

prompt recognition and appropriate management of acute complications are crucial for maintaining stable blood glucose levels and preventing complications that could lead to hospitalisation or emergency care

assess pts current knowledge level and learning readiness

identifying existing knowledge gaps and motivation allows for individualised, pt-centered education that enhances retention and engagement

prioritise education on preventive measures esp foot care and eye care to promote early detection and treatment, thereby reducing the occurrence of amputations and blindness

emphasizing preventive measures related foot and eye care is crucial for pts with diabetes minimise the risk of complications that could significantly impact their quality of life

collaborate with multidisciplinary team including diabetes educators and specialists to provide comprehensive and advanced education based on pts interest and ability

involving the multidisciplinary team ensures that the pt receives specialised and individualised education, addressing their unique needs, enabling them to achieve optimal diabetes management and self-care

GI side effects such as nausea, vomit, diarrhoea

take metformin after/ with meal to minimise GI side effects of metformin

metallic taste

may experience bitter or metallic taste acidosis such as fast breathing, abnormal heartbeat and severe fatigue and dizziness.

inform pt to come back regularly for renal function monitoring as impaired kidney failure may increase risk of lactic acidosis and require dose reduction of metformin doses

what is a hallmark sign of RA

morning stiffness lasting more than an hour

what lifestyle modification help manage symptoms of RA

balanced program of rest and exercise

continuous pain over knees due to prolonged hours of standing, nsg diagnosis?

chronic pain related to inflammation and increased disease activity

what is a classic symptom of systemic lupus erythematosus

butterfly-shaped rash across cheeks and nose

what is not a factor to trigger SLE flare-up

high carb diet

so sun, infection and stress triggers

what med treats systemic lupus erythematosus rapidly reduces inflammation and is not for prolonged use, may result in weight gain and increased susceptibility to infection, DM, and osteoporosis

prednisone— corticosteroid med

what is a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARDs used to treat RA)

methotrexate— DMARD, reduces inflammation and slows down progression of joint damage associated with disease

pt with RA, what shld they say to make sure they understood pt education

i will take ordered dose same time every day

prednisone shld be taken same time each day to maintain consistent blood levels

shld methotrexate be mixed with shingles

no as it contradicts and cause potential contradictions

hallmark sign of RA

morning stiffness lasting more than an hour

what helps manage symptoms of RA

balanced program of rest and exercise

NSG diagnosis for continuous pain over knees due to prolonged hours of standing

chronic pain related to inflammation and increased disease activity

NOT a systemic lupus eryth wtv trigger

high carbs diet

so sun exposure, infection and stress are triggers yeah

what treats SLE

prednisone (short tern)

hydroxychloroquine (long term)

NG considerations for angioedema

monitor for signs of angioedema such as as swelling of face, eye, tongue, lips, hands or feet

health education for angioedema

advise pt to immediately report signs of angioedema such as swelling of face, eye, tongue, lips, hands or feet and rashes

rationale for angioedema

angioedema is a life-threatening adverse effect of drug. Discontinue drug immediately and do not use it in the future. Initiate resuscitation measures as ordered

nursing considerations for cough

monitor pts for symptoms of persistent and dry cough. To inform doctor to review prescription if the symptoms are intolerable

health education for cough

educate pt that the drug can cause persistent and dry cough. Advise pt to inform doctor if symptoms are intolerable

rationale for cough

persistent and dry cough is an adverse effect of drug. Doctor may review prescription and consider drugs from other classes

NSG considerations for hyperkalemia

monitor serum potassium level and look out for signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia such as muscle twitching and paraesthesia

health education for hyperkalemia

advise pt to report signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia such as muscle twitching and paraesthesia. Advise pt to reduce the intake of foods that are high in potassium such as banana

rationale for hyperkalemia

is to allow for early detection of hyperkalemia so that the doctor can adjust the dose of medication accordingly.

NSG considerations for bronchoconstriction

monitor for signs and symptoms of wheezing and dyspnoea

health education for bronchoconstriction

teach the pt to report any symptoms of wheezing and dyspnoea

rationale for bronchoconstriction

drug may cause bronchoconstriction and worsen the symptoms of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease esp if non-selective BBs are used

NSG consideration for bradycardia

monitor ECG regularly esp if pt has arrhythmia

health education for bradycardia

advise the pt to come back for regular ECG monitoring as instructed by the doctor

rationale for bradycardia

the drugs may cause bradycardia and ECG changes which can be life threatening