[INORGANIC CHEMISTRY] Summary

b. Lithium (Li⁺)

Ion that affects the levels of Na and K.

a. Fluoride (F⁻)
b. Lithium (Li⁺)
c. Aluminum (Al³⁺)
d. Phosphorus (P³⁻)
e. Magnesium (Mg²⁺)
f. All of the above

b. Decrease

Effect of increased Li levels to levels of Na.

a. Increase

b. Decrease

c. No effect

b. Decrease

Effect of increased Li levels to levels of K.

a. Increase

b. Decrease

c. No effect

a. Fluoride (F⁻)

Ion that affects the levels of I2.

a. Fluoride (F⁻)
b. Lithium (Li⁺)
c. Aluminum (Al³⁺)
d. Phosphorus (P³⁻)
e. Magnesium (Mg²⁺)
f. All of the above

b. Decrease

Effect of increased F levels to levels of I2.

a. Increase

b. Decrease

c. No effect

f. All of the above

Ion that affects the levels of PO4.

a. Fluoride (F⁻)
b. Lithium (Li⁺)
c. Aluminum (Al³⁺)
d. Phosphorus (P³⁻)
e. Magnesium (Mg²⁺)
f. All of the above

b. Decrease

Effect of increased Al levels to levels of PO4.

a. Increase

b. Decrease

c. No effect

e. All of the above

Ca levels is affected by which of the following ions?

a. Phosphate (PO₄³⁻)
b. Magnesium (Mg²⁺)
c. Gallium (Ga³⁺)
d. Cadmium (Cd²⁺)
e. All of the above

e. All of the above

Increased levels of which of the following will decrease Ca levels?

a. Phosphate (PO₄³⁻)
b. Magnesium (Mg²⁺)
c. Gallium (Ga³⁺)
d. Cadmium (Cd²⁺)
e. All of the above

e. a and b

• Potassium (K⁺)

• Calcium (Ca²⁺)

Which of the following is/are skeletal and cardiac contractant?

a. Potassium (K⁺)
b. Calcium (Ca²⁺)
c. Sodium (Na⁺)
d. Chloride (Cl⁻)
e. a and b
f. c and d

c. Sodium (Na⁺)

Which of the following causes smooth muscle depolarization?

a. Potassium (K⁺)
b. Calcium (Ca²⁺)
c. Sodium (Na⁺)
d. Chloride (Cl⁻)
e. a and b
f. c and d

a. Potassium (K⁺)

Efflux of which of the following will lead to smooth muscle hyperpolarization?

a. Potassium (K⁺)
b. Calcium (Ca²⁺)
c. Sodium (Na⁺)
d. Chloride (Cl⁻)
e. a and b
f. c and d

d. Chloride (Cl⁻)

Influx of which of the following will lead to smooth muscle hyperpolarization?

a. Potassium (K⁺)
b. Calcium (Ca²⁺)
c. Sodium (Na⁺)
d. Chloride (Cl⁻)
e. a and b
f. c and d

e. None of the above

Which of the following is not a sedative?

a. Lithium (Li⁺)
b. Bromide (Br⁻)
c. Magnesium (Mg²⁺)
d. Boric acid (H₃BO₃)
e. None of the above

d. Boric acid (H₃BO₃)

Also known as sal sedativum.

a. Lithium (Li⁺)
b. Bromide (Br⁻)
c. Magnesium (Mg²⁺)
d. Boric acid (H₃BO₃)
e. None of the above

c. I, II

📌Immumostimulant:

• Zinc (Zn)

• Germanium (Ge)

Which of the following are immunostimulant?

I. Zinc (Zn)
II. Germanium (Ge)
III. Ammonia (NH₃)
IV. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

a. I, II, III, IV
b. I, II, III
c. I, II
d. III, IV

d. III, IV

📌Respiratory stimulant:

• Ammonia (NH3)

• Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Which of the following are respiratory stimulant?

I. Zinc (Zn)
II. Germanium (Ge)
III. Ammonia (NH₃)
IV. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

a. I, II, III, IV
b. I, II, III
c. I, II
d. III, IV

e. None of the above

The following are CO2 absorber except:

a. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
b. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
c. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)
d. Barium hydroxide (Ba(OH)₂)
e. None of the above

f. None of the above

The following are expectorant except:

a. Ammonium (NH₄⁺)
b. Water (H₂O)
c. Antimony (Sb)
d. Iodine (I⁻)
e. Citrates (C₆H₅O₇³⁻)
f. None of the above

c. I, II

📌Antacid that cause rebound acidity:

• Na containing

• K containing

Antacid that cause rebound acidity.

I. Sodium (Na⁺) containing
II. Potassium (K⁺) containing
III. Aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃)
IV. Arsenous oxide (As₂O₃)

a. I, II, III, IV
b. I, II, III
c. I, II
d. III, IV

d. III, IV

📌Antacid that do not cause rebound acidity.

• Aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃)

• Arsenous oxide (As₂O₃)

Antacid that do not cause rebound acidity.

I. Sodium (Na⁺) containing
II. Potassium (K⁺) containing
III. Aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃)
IV. Arsenous oxide (As₂O₃)

a. I, II, III, IV
b. I, II, III
c. I, II
d. III, IV

d. Na compounds

The following can be used as demulcent and form protective coating except:

a. Al compounds

b. Bi compounds

c. Mg silicates

d. Na compounds

e. None

a. I, II, III, IV

📌The following cause constipation:

• Calcium (Ca²⁺)

• Aluminum (Al³⁺)

• Ferrous sulfate (FeSO₄)

• Barium sulfate (BaSO₄)

— FeSO4 and BaSO4 are the only sulfates that causes constipation. The rest causes diarrhea.

Which of the following cause constipation?

I. Calcium (Ca²⁺)
II. Aluminum (Al³⁺)
III. Ferrous sulfate (FeSO₄)
IV. Barium sulfate (BaSO₄)

a. I, II, III, IV
b. I, II, III
c. I, II
d. III, IV

f. None of the above

📌Heavy metals are the most likely cause bloody diarrhea.

The following can cause diarrhea except:

a. Magnesium (Mg²⁺)
b. Mercury (Hg²⁺)
c. Heavy metals
d. Phosphates (PO₄³⁻)
e. Sulfates (SO₄²⁻)
f. None of the above

d. Magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄)

- This can actually cause diarrhea.

The following are used for diarrhea as adsorbents except:

a. Activated charcoal
b. Silica (SiO₂)
c. Alumina (Al₂O₃)
d. Magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄)
e. None of the above

e. None of the above

📌Dentin or desensitizer include:

• Zinc chloride (ZnCl₂

• Strontium chloride (SrCl₂)

• Potassium nitrate (KNO₃)

• Silver nitrate (AgNO₃)

Dentin or desensitizer except:

a. Zinc chloride (ZnCl₂)
b. Strontium chloride (SrCl₂)
c. Potassium nitrate (KNO₃)
d. Silver nitrate (AgNO₃)
e. None of the above

a. Zinc chloride (ZnCl₂)

Desensitizer which is active ingredient of Astring-O-Sol.

a. Zinc chloride (ZnCl₂)
b. Strontium chloride (SrCl₂)
c. Potassium nitrate (KNO₃)
d. Silver nitrate (AgNO₃)

d. a and b

• UTI

• Cystitis

Monobasic sodium phosphate + methenamine is used for:

a. UTI

b. Cystitis

c. Kidney stones

d. a and b

e. All

c. Kidney stones

Monobasic + dibasic potassium phosphate is used for:

a. UTI

b. Cystitis

c. Kidney stones

d. a and b

e. All

f. None of the above

📌Example of antioxidants:

• Metabisulfite

• Sulfur dioxide

• Thiosulfate

• Hypophosphite

• Aldehydes

The following are antioxidants except:

a. Metabisulfite (Na₂S₂O₅ / K₂S₂O₅)
b. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
c. Thiosulfate (Na₂S₂O₃)
d. Hypophosphite (NaH₂PO₂)
e. Aldehydes (R-CHO)
f. None of the above

c. I, II

📌Wet dressing for burns:

• Silver nitrate (AgNO₃)

• Dobell's solution → contains Na borate

Which of the following can be used for wet dressing for burns?

I. Silver nitrate (AgNO₃)
II. Dobell's solution
III. Aluminum (Al³⁺)
IV. Monsel's solution (Ferric subsulfate)

a. I, II, III, IV
b. I, II, III
c. I, II
d. III, IV

d. III, IV

📌Styptic or hemostatic agent:

• Aluminum (Al³⁺)

• Monsel's solution (Ferric subsulfate)

Which of the following can be used as styptic or hemostatic agent.

I. Silver nitrate (AgNO₃)
II. Dobell's solution
III. Aluminum (Al³⁺)
IV. Monsel's solution (Ferric subsulfate)

a. I, II, III, IV
b. I, II, III
c. I, II
d. III, IV

d. Monsel's solution

Ferric subsulfate solution in known as the _____

a. Boulton's solution

b. Dobell's solution

c. Dover's solution

d. Monsel's solution

f. All of the above

• Liquid nitrogen

• Solid carbon dioxide (Dry ice)

• Silver nitrate (AgNO₃)

Which of the following can be used for warts?

a. Liquid nitrogen (Liquid N₂)
b. Solid carbon dioxide (Solid CO₂ / Dry ice)
c. Silver nitrate (AgNO₃)
d. a and b
e. b and c
f. All of the above

d. a and b

Cryotherapy:

• Liquid nitrogen (Liquid N₂)

• Solid carbon dioxide (Solid CO₂ / Dry ice)

Which of the following is used as cryotherapy for warts?

a. Liquid nitrogen (Liquid N₂)
b. Solid carbon dioxide (Solid CO₂ / Dry ice)
c. Silver nitrate (AgNO₃)
d. a and b
e. b and c
f. All of the above